Det helsevitenskapelige fakultet: Recent submissions
Now showing items 1601-1620 of 10407
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Strong pathogen competition in neonatal gut colonisation
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2022-12-01)Opportunistic bacterial pathogen species and their strains that colonise the human gut are generally understood to compete against both each other and the commensal species colonising this ecosystem. Currently we are lacking a population-wide quantification of strain-level colonisation dynamics and the relationship of colonisation potential to prevalence in disease, and how ecological factors ... -
Symptoms of Depression, Anxiety, and Posttraumatic Stress among Patients with Cardiac Pacemakers
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2022-12-15)Despite being a prerequisite for tailoring specific therapeutic interventions, knowledge of pattern and prevalence of clinically significant psychiatric symptomatology among patients with cardiac pacemakers (PMs), especially of symptoms of posttraumatic stress, is limited. We studied symptoms of depression, anxiety, and posttraumatic stress among PM patients (PM due to syncope or presyncope) ... -
Impact supplement of the strengths and difficulties questionnaire in the assessment of functional impairment in children with ADHD or ASD in a mixed neuropediatric sample: A partial validation study
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2022-11-30)Background: In addition to symptoms of neurodevelopmental disorders, functional impairment is crucial to the determination of clinical significance. The aim of this study was to examine partial validity and usefulness of the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire’s (SDQ) impact supplement (SDQ impact) in measuring functional impairment in children and adolescents diagnosed with attention ... -
Stable and unstable associations between learning environment factors and study approaches: two consecutive cross-sectional analyses of Norwegian occupational therapy students
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2022-12-24)Relationships between learning environment variables and students’ approaches to studying have been investigated from many points of view over the last decades. However, few studies have explored whether such relationships are stable over time. In the two consecutive cross-sectional analyses performed in this study, Norwegian occupational therapy students’ perceptions of their learning environment ... -
Autonomous or controlled self-regulation, that is the question: A self-determination perspective on the impact of commuting on employees’ domain-specific functioning
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2022-10-01)The few studies that have considered psychological processes during the commute have drawn an ambiguous picture, with some emphasizing the negative and others the positive consequences of commuting. Drawing on self-determination theory, we develop a framework that expands on the costs and benefits of commuting for employees’ subsequent domain-related functioning at work and home. Specifically, we ... -
Trøst som oppmerksomt nærvær i mellommenneskelig profesjonell praksis
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2022-12-30)I dette vitenskapelige essayet synliggjøres trøstens betydning i mellommenneskelige profesjonelle praksiser. Forfatterne viser gjennom to adskilte forskningsprosjekter i to ulike fagfelt, betydningen av å ha et sansene oppmerksomt nærvær i møte med mennesker som erfarer at livet er krevende eller truet grunnet sykdom eller andre eksistensielle grunnvilkår. I essayet er det trøstens fremtredelser ... -
Management of Orofacial Manifestations of Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis: Interdisciplinary Consensus-Based Recommendations
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2022-08-30)Involvement of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) is common in juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA). TMJ arthritis can lead to orofacial symptoms, orofacial dysfunction, and dentofacial deformity with negative impact on quality of life. Management involves interdisciplinary collaboration. No current recommendations exist to guide clinical management. We undertook this study to develop consensus-based ... -
The meaning of biology in the foster family narratives of young adults
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2022-12-14)While biological relatedness has been an issue among anthropologists for some time, the topic has gained little interest in family sociology. Recent contributions exploring how genetic thinking – the process through which biological relationships are rendered meaningful in everyday family living – shapes family life, suggest that this is about to change. This article seeks to contribute to this ... -
Decompressive hemicraniectomy for space-occupying brain infarction: Nationwide population-based registry study
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2022-10-14)Objective: We analyzed data from the Norwegian Stroke Registry (NSR) to study access to and outcomes of decompressive hemicraniectomy for brain infarction in a nationwide routine clinical setting. We also discretionary assessed whether the outcomes were comparable with those achieved in randomized controlled trials (RCTs), and whether the use was in accordance with guidelines. Methods: The NSR ... -
Non-respondents do not bias outcome assessment after cervical spine surgery: a multicenter observational study from the Norwegian registry for spine surgery (NORspine)
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2022-12-21)Background - The Norwegian registry for spine surgery (NORspine) is a national clinical quality registry which has recorded more than 10,000 operations for degenerative conditions of the cervical spine since 2012. Registries are large observational cohorts, at risk for attrition bias. We therefore aimed to examine whether clinical outcomes differed between respondents and non-respondents to standardized ... -
Life-Course Trajectories of Physical Activity and Melanoma Risk in a Large Cohort of Norwegian Women
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2022-12-22)Purpose: Physical activity (PA) is a cornerstone in disease prevention and varies throughout life. A pooled analysis of cohort studies and a meta-analysis of cohort studies found positive associations between PA and melanoma risk. However, previous studies focused on PA at specific ages and often lacked information on ultraviolet radiation (UVR) exposure. Using the population-based Norwegian Women ... -
What if becoming information literate were an adventure?
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2022-10-17)What if becoming information literate were an adventure? This question was posed in a keynote for the Creating Knowledge Conference 2021. It was answered in a thought piece by examining adventure-based ways to prepare students to be information literate adults through the principles and mechanisms that people find arousing and pleasurable and that are not classically a part of university pedagogy. ... -
Hvilke erfaringer har helsepersonell i fire hjemmetjenestedistrikter i Nord-Norge med innføring av elektronisk medisineringsstøtte, og hvilke faktorer har vært fremmende, og hvilke faktorer har vært hemmende i innføring av slik støtte i en eksisterende helsetjeneste?
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2022-11-15)Temaet for masteroppgaven er innføring av velferdsteknologi i kommunale helsetjenester. I denne studien har jeg ønsket å få vite mer om hvilke erfaringer helsepersonell i Nord-Norge har hatt med innføring av elektronisk medisineringsstøtte. Da særlig på hvilke faktorer som har vært fremmende, og hvilke faktorer har vært hemmende i innføringen av slik støtte i eksisterende helsetjeneste. Informantene ... -
Velferdsteknologi i hjemmesykepleien. Hvilke erfaringer har sykepleiere i hjemmesykepleien med implementering av medisindispensere som alternativ til ordinær medisinutdeling?
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2022-11-15)Helse- og omsorgstjenestene vil i årene som kommer møte en fremskrevet utfordring med å rekruttere nok helsepersonell, i tillegg til demografiske endringer som innebærer en høyere andel eldre i befolkningen, ofte med sammensatte og komplekse hjelpebehov. Som følge av dette har kommunene, gjennom nasjonale føringer, blitt bedt om være innovative, og se etter nye måter å levere helse- og omsorgstjenester. ... -
The social gradient in Subjective Well-being (SWB)
(Mastergradsoppgave; Master thesis, 2022-11-30)Background: The Social gradient in Subjective wellbeing (SWB) exists in countries, and in individuals, either rich or poor, and the pattern can be seen when looking at the factors of Socio-economic Position (SEP) is a strong predictor of SWB and as well as a popular concept in health and happiness research. Aim: The main aim of this paper is firstly, to determine whether there are socio-economic ... -
Shift work is associated with 10-year incidence of atrial fibrillation in younger but not older individuals from the general population: results from the Tromsø Study
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2022-09-01)Objectives - Shift work is associated with myocardial infarction and stroke. We studied if shift work is also associated with incident atrial fibrillation (AF) and if this association differs, depending on sex and age.<p> <p>Methods - We studied 22 339 participants (age 37.0±9.8 years, 49% women) with paid work from the third (1986–1987), fourth (1994–1995), fifth (2001) and sixth (2007–2008) ... -
Vertebral fractures assessed by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry and all-cause mortality. The Tromsø Study 2007-2020
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2022-09-16)Vertebral fractures have been associated with increased mortality, but findings are inconclusive, and many vertebral fractures avoid clinical attention. We investigated this association in a general population of 2,476 older adults aged ≥55 years from Tromsø, Norway, who were followed over 2007–2020, using dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) at baseline to evaluate vertebral fractures (mild, ... -
Complement C3b contributes to Escherichia coli-induced platelet aggregation in human whole blood
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2022-12-14)We found that compstatin, which inhibits the cleavage of complement component C3 to its components C3a and C3b, reduced the E. coli-induced platelet aggregation by 42%-76% (p = 0.0417). This C3-dependent aggregation was not C3a-mediated as neither inhibition of C3a using a blocking antibody or a C3a receptor antagonist, nor the addition of purified C3a had any effects. In contrast, a C3b-blocking ... -
Dietary Intake of 91 Individual Polyphenols and 5-Year Body Weight Change in the EPIC-PANACEA Cohort
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2022-12-08)Polyphenols are bioactive compounds from plants with antioxidant properties that may have a protective role against body weight gain, with adipose tissue and systemic oxidative stress as potential targets. We aimed to investigate the dietary intake of individual polyphenols and their association with 5-year body weight change in a sub-cohort of the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and ... -
Gynostemma pentaphyllum for dyslipidemia: A systematic review of randomized controlled trials
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2022-08-26)Objective: To evaluate the lipid-lowering effect and safety of Gynostemma pentaphyllum (GP) used alone or as adjunctive therapy for dyslipidemia.<p> <p>Methods: Eight databases and three clinical trial registries were searched until January 2022. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) assessing the effectiveness of GP for dyslipidemia were included. Trial quality was assessed using the Cochrane Risk ...