Det helsevitenskapelige fakultet: Recent submissions
Now showing items 1661-1680 of 10407
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Targeted PFAS analyses and Extractable Organofluorine – Enhancing our Understanding of the presence of unknown PFAS in Norwegian wildlife
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2022-11-17)With the current possible presence of thousands of PFAS compounds in industrial emissions, there is an increasing need to assess the impacts of PFAS regulation of conventional PFAS on one hand and the exposure to emerging and yet unknown PFAS on the other. Today’s analytical methodologies using targeted approaches are not sufficient to determine the complete suite of PFAS present. To evaluate the ... -
Overdiagnosis – exemplified with mammographic screening
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2022-10-12)Hovedmålsettingen med organisert mammografiscreening er å oppdage brystkreft i et tidlig stadium og dermed redusere sykelighet og dødelighet av sykdommen. En ulempe er overdiagnostikk. Verdens helseorganisasjons kreftforskningsinstitutt definerer overdiagnostikk i mammografiscreening som brystkreft som ikke ville blitt diagnostisert i kvinnens levetid dersom hun ikke hadde deltatt i screening. Vi ... -
Professional and informal help-seeking among low-income adolescents exposed to violence in the community and at school
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel, 2022-01)<p><i>Background -</i> Adolescents may seek help for many reasons beyond health needs, such as personal stress due to violence exposure. <p><i>Objective -</i>To investigate factors associated with receiving professional assistance and informal help due to violence exposure in the community and at school. <p><i>Participants and setting -</i> This study was conducted in Itaboraí, a low-income ... -
Real-world comparison of the effects of etanercept and adalimumab on well-being in non-systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis: a propensity score matched cohort study
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2022-11-14)Background: Etanercept (ETN) and adalimumab (ADA) are considered equally efective biologicals in the treat‑ ment of arthritis in juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) but no studies have compared their impact on patient-reported well-being. The objective of this study was to determine whether ETN and ADA have a diferential efect on patientreported well-being in non-systemic JIA using real-world ... -
Impacts of COVID-19 restrictions on level of physical activity and health in home-dwelling older adults in Norway
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2022-12-09)Background - The spread of the coronavirus in spring 2020 led to a lockdown of physical activity (PA) offers. The aim of this study was to investigate how PA, as well as general and mental health, in community-dwelling older adults were affected by the COVID-19 restrictions in Norway.<p> <p>Methods - Invitation to participate in the study was sent via Facebook and the Norwegian Pensioners’ ... -
Middle managers' ethos as an inner motive in developing a caring culture
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2022-12-22)Background - Middle managers play a key role in promoting a caring culture in nursing homes. However, there is limited knowledge about middle managers’ inner motives and their experiences of their responsibility in developing a caring culture.<p> <p>Research aim - The aim of the study is to get a deeper understanding of middle managers’ motives and their experiences of their responsibility to ... -
Treatment and survival of patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma: 15-year national cohort
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2022-03-08)Background - Improvement in survival from pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) has been reported in trial settings but is less explored in unselected cohorts. The aim of this study was to assess trends in provision of treatments and survival in Norway over a 15-year period following the implementation of hepato-pancreato-biliary (HPB) multidisciplinary teams, centralization of surgery, and ... -
Validering av den norske foreldreversjonen av Developmental Behavior Checklist (DBC-P)
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2022-11-11)This study examined the psychometric properties of the Norwegian version of the Developmental Behavior Checklist – Parent (DBC-P) in an intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD) sample of children and adolescents (N = 168). Internal consistency was adequate to excellent for all scales (Cronbach’s alpha ranged between .70–.96). The DBC-P showed meaningful overlap with and differentiation from ... -
The severe impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on bullying victimization, mental health indicators and quality of life
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2022-12-31)Children and adolescents have been severely affected by the COVID-19 pandemic. The aim of this study was to explore the prevalence of traditional and digital bullying and mental health problems a year into the pandemic. Further, how anxiety level, loneliness, and self-perceived school functioning have influenced the quality of life. A comprehensive questionnaire was administered (N = 1239) in the ... -
Experiences and management strategies of Norwegian GPs during the COVID-19 pandemic: a longitudinal interview study
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2022-11-09)Objective: When the COVID-19 pandemic reached Norway, primary health care had to reorganize to ensure safe patient treatment and maintain infection control. General practitioners (GPs) are key health care providers in the municipalities. Our aim was to explore the experiences and management strategies of Norwegian GPs during the COVID-19 pandemic - over time, and in the context of a sudden ... -
The severe impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on bullying victimization, mental health indicators and quality of life
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2022-12-31)Children and adolescents have been severely affected by the COVID-19 pandemic. The aim of this study was to explore the prevalence of traditional and digital bullying and mental health problems a year into the pandemic. Further, how anxiety level, loneliness, and self-perceived school functioning have influenced the quality of life. A comprehensive questionnaire was administered (N = 1239) in the ... -
Cigarette Smoking and Endometrial Cancer Risk: Observational and Mendelian Randomization Analyses
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2022-06-16)Background: Current epidemiologic evidence indicates that smoking is associated with a lower endometrial cancer risk. However, it is unknown if this association is causal or confounded. To further elucidate the role of smoking in endometrial cancer risk, we conducted complementary observational and Mendelian randomization (MR) analyses.<p> <p>Methods: The observational analyses included 286,415 ... -
Ten-year tenure as a physician CEO at a Nordic university hospital: Five lessons learnt
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2022-02-21)Background - I was a 42-year-old neurosurgeon with experience as department head when I took chair as chief executive officer (CEO) at the University Hospital of North Norway to lead a comprehensive organisational and financial restructuring. This article aims to develop lessons learnt during my 10-year tenure.<p> <p>Methods - I restructured the organisation and hired a new executive team. We ... -
Corrigendum to “Clinical reasoning in traditional medicine exemplified by the clinical encounter of Korean medicine” [Integr Med Res 2021: 10; 100641]
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-11-22)The authors regret that the funding number was incorrectly published in the above article. It is now reproduced correctly below. The authors would like to apologize for any inconvenience caused. -
Kjønnsstratifiserte analyser i norske behandlingsstudier: en systematisk kartleggingsoversikt
(Research report; Forskningsrapport, 2022)Biologisk kjønn har betydning for kliniske utfall, og kunnskap om kjønnsforskjeller i behandlingsutfall kan bidra til sikrere og mer tilpasset behandling for pasienter. Hensikten med denne kartleggingsoversikten var å undersøke bruken av kjønnsstratifiserte analyser i studier på effekt av behandling i en norsk sammenheng.<p> <p>Vi utførte en kartleggingsoversikt. Det er en type kunnskapsoppsummering ... -
Nasjonale og regionale melde- og varselordninger for uønskede hendelser i pasientbehandlingen: systematisk oversikt
(Research report; Forskningsrapport, 2022)Alle virksomheter som yter helse- og omsorgstjenester skal arbeide systematisk for å redusere risiko for pasientskade som følge av tjenesteytelsen eller mangel på ytelse. Likevel oppstår uønskede hendelser av varierende alvorlighetsgrad. Anslagsvis rammer uønskede hendelser én av ti pasienter i norske sykehus. Norske virksomheter som yter helse- og omsorgstjenester plikter å varsle om alvorlige ... -
Utvalgt forskning om melde- og varselordninger i helse- og omsorgstje-nesten: forenklet metodevurdering – kartlegging
(Research report; Forskningsrapport, 2022-10)En nylig utført systematisk oversikt viste at det ikke finnes forskning som har undersøkt effekten av nasjonale og regionale, generelle melde- og varselordninger på alvorlige hendelser i helse- og omsorgstjenesten. Derfor var det hensiktsmessig å undersøke forskning som har sett på tilgrensende problemstillinger.<p> <p>Formålet med dette arbeidet var å kartlegge studier om mulige sammenhenger ... -
Association of Klotho protein levels and KL-VS heterozygosity with Alzheimer disease and amyloid and tau burden
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2022-11-22)Importance Identification of proteins and genetic factors that reduce Alzheimer disease (AD) pathology is of importance when searching for novel AD treatments. Heterozygosity of the KL-VS haplotype has been associated with reduced amyloid and tau burden. Whether this association is mediated by the Klotho protein remains unclear. Objectives To assess concentrations of Klotho in cerebrospinal ... -
Circulating Isovalerylcarnitine and Lung Cancer Risk: Evidence from Mendelian Randomization and Prediagnostic Blood Measurements
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2022-10-04)Background: Tobacco exposure causes 8 of 10 lung cancers, and identifying additional risk factors is challenging due to confounding introduced by smoking in traditional observational studies.<p> <p>Materials and Methods: We used Mendelian randomization (MR) to screen 207 metabolites for their role in lung cancer predisposition using independent genome-wide association studies (GWAS) of blood ... -
Sex differences in arterial hypertension
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2022-09-22)There is strong evidence that sex chromosomes and sex hormones influence blood pressure (BP) regulation, distribution of cardiovascular (CV) risk factors and co-morbidities differentially in females and males with essential arterial hypertension. The risk for CV disease increases at a lower BP level in females than in males, suggesting that sex-specific thresholds for diagnosis of hypertension may ...