Det helsevitenskapelige fakultet: Recent submissions
Now showing items 1741-1760 of 10407
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Aging successfully in the changing Norwegian welfare state: A policy analysis framed by critical gerontology
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2022-12-07)Background and Objectives In the 21st century, the future of the Norwegian welfare state is broadly debated. In Norway, as in other countries, concerns regarding the sustainability and affordability of the welfare state in light of the projected population development have been voiced in public and academic discourse, and not least in governmental statements and documents. Since we consider texts, ... -
Level of the Lipid Markers ApoA1 and ApoB in a General Youth Population. The Tromsø Study, Fit Futures 1
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2020-11-14)Low serum Apolipoprotein A1 (ApoA1) and high Apolipoprotein B (ApoB) are risk factors for the development of cardiovascular disease. Studies have found tracking of lipid and lipoprotein levels form childhood and youth, into adult life. In order to identify an unfavorable lipid profile in young ages, knowledge about the distribution of these biomarkers in the general population is a prerequisite. ... -
Being at war: Norwegian Afghanistan veterans’ experiences of military service and their coping strategies related to deployment, combat and stressful situations.
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2020-11-14)Background: The Norwegian military contribution to Afghanistan has resulted in thousands of soldiers being deployed. Several studies have been conducted to investigate the factors that contribute to the development of mental health problems. Isolating and describing why, and in which setting these potential stressors produce adverse health effects are challenging. It may be dependent on how the ... -
Increased levels of microRNA-320 in blood serum and plasma is associated with imminent and advanced lung cancer
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2022-11-07)Lung cancer (LC) incidence is increasing globally and altered levels of microRNAs (miRNAs) in blood may contribute to identification of individuals with LC. We identified miRNAs differentially expressed in peripheral blood at LC diagnosis and evaluated, in pre-diagnostic blood specimens, how long before diagnosis expression changes of such candidate miRNAs could be detected. We identified upregulated ... -
" Vi vil ikke prate om sykdom, men om hverdagen"
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2022)På bakgrunn av en kvalitativ studie av brukermedvirkning for samiske pasienter i psykisk helsevern som vi gjennomførte i 2018 - 2020, har vi utformet en modell for brukermedvirkning i Sápmi. Modellen har som mål å fremme mer tilpassede og brukervennlige tjenester for samiske pasienter i psykisk helsevern. -
Potential Safety Issues With Combined Use of Dietary Supplements and Medication – Focus on Interactions
(Chapter; Bokkapittel, 2022-11-09)The use of dietary supplements (DS) is widespread and tends to increase with age and female gender. DS use can in some situations represent a safety risk for patients. For instance, concomitant use of medication and dietary supplements, particularly herbal remedies, may cause clinically significant pharmacological interactions. The study underlying this chapter aimed to investigate the prevalence ... -
Meticillinresistente gule stafylokokker i sårsekret hos barn
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2022-11-07)BAKGRUNN - Hud- og bløtvevsinfeksjoner er vanlig hos barn. Vi ønsket å undersøke forekomsten av meticillinresistens blant gule stafylokokker i sårsekret fra barn i Norge.<p> <p>MATERIALE OG METODE - Vi gjennomførte en observasjonsstudie basert på data fra Norsk overvåkingssystem for antibiotikaresistens hos mikrober (NORM) for perioden 2013–21. Resistensdata fra sårsekret med vekst av gule ... -
Parents’ hyper-pitch and low vowel category variability in infant-directed speech are associated with 18-month-old toddlers’ expressive vocabulary
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2022-12-31)The present study examines the acoustic properties of infant-directed speech (IDS) as compared to adult-directed speech (ADS) in Norwegian parents of 18-month-old toddlers, and whether these properties relate to toddlers’ expressive vocabulary size. Twenty-one parent-toddler dyads from Tromsø, Northern Norway participated in the study. Parents (16 mothers, 5 fathers), speaking a Northern Norwegian ... -
Konsekvenser av pandemien for alternative behandlere og deres pasienter
(Chronicle; Kronikk, 2022)I mars 2020 bestemte norske myndigheter seg for å stenge ned landet for å hindre spredning av COVID-19 viruset. Denne nedstengingen resulterte i at mange helsearbeidere måtte stenge praksisen eller imøtekomme et krav om to meters avstand mellom pasient og behandler og konsultasjoner på maksimum 15 minutter. Dette gjaldt også de alternative behandlerne. I samarbeid med 35 bransjeorganisasjoner sendte ... -
Early Maladaptive Schemas and Mental Disorders in Adulthood: a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2022-11-21)Early maladaptive schemas (EMSs) are broad and pervasive themes regarding oneself and one’s relationships with others originating from adverse childhood experiences. Although the concept of EMSs was initially developed for the treatment of personality disorders, the associations of EMSs with a variety of other mental disorders have been investigated. The goal of the present study was to summarize ... -
Inhibition of bacterial and human zinc-metalloproteases
(Mastergradsoppgave; Master thesis, 2021-11-30)Antibiotic resistance is one of the major challenges in the present era and it is drastically increasing with the increase in time because of the overuse and misuse of antibiotics. Therefore, there is a demand of new antibiotics with new modes of action or other innovative strategies to overcome bacterial infections as soon as possible. The zinc metalloproteases Themolysin (TLN), Pseudolysin (PLN) ... -
Amoxicillin did not Reduce Modic Change Oedema in Patients with Chronic Low Back pain - subgroup Analyses of a Randomised Trial (the AIM study)
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2022-10-12)<p><b> Study Design. </b> Exploratory subgroup analyses of a randomised trial (Antibiotics In Modic changes (AIM) study). <p><b> Objective. </b> To assess the effect of amoxicillin versus placebo in reducing Modic change (MC) oedema in patients with chronic low back pain (LBP). <p><b> Summary of Background Data. </b> The AIM study showed a small, clinically insignificant effect of ... -
Feeling Unsafe at School Among Adolescents in 13 Asian and European Countries: Occurrence and Associated Factors
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2022-04-25)Background: Research on perceived school safety has been largely limited to studies conducted in Western countries and there has been a lack of large-scale cross-national studies on the topic.<p> <p>Methods: The present study examined the occurrence of adolescents who felt unsafe at school and the associated factors of perceived school safety in 13 Asian and European countries. The data were based ... -
Protein preference and elevated plasma FGF21 induced by dietary protein restriction is similar in both male and female mice
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2022-10-19)Animals that are moderately protein restricted respond to this dietary stress by increasing consumption of protein-containing foods. This is true in many species, including rodents. Rodent models of protein restriction have typically relied on only male subjects, and there are plausible reasons why female rodents may respond differently to dietary protein restriction. To address this gap in ... -
Første trimester-screening for utvikling av preeklampsi med bruk av algoritme: en fullstendig metodevurdering
(Research report; Forskningsrapport, 2022-04)Dagens praksis tilsier at man i hovedsak skal vurdere risiko for preeklampsi (svangerskapsforgiftning) hos gravide ved hjelp av medisinsk og obstetrisk sykehistorie. Denne metodevurderingen sammenligner prediktiv nøyaktighet av nåværende praksis med screening i svangerskapsuke 11-14 med en algoritme basert på mors kjennetegn, blodtrykk, ultralyd-undersøkelse som inkluderer blodgjennomstrømning i ... -
Prevalence of late and long-term effects of cancer (treatment) and use of complementary and alternative medicine in Norway
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2022-12-05)Background The increasing number of patients surviving cancer leads to more people experiencing late and long term-effects from the disease and its treatment. Fatigue, sleep disorders, early menopause, pain, and nerve damage are commonly reported. Methods helping people to recover after cancer treatment are therefore essential. The aims of this study were threefold; (1) to determine the level of ... -
Deep learning-based image analysis reveals significant differences in the number and distribution of mucosal CD3 and γδ T cells between Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2022-11-23)Colon mucosae of ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn's disease (CD) display differences in the number and distribution of immune cells that are difficult to assess by eye. Deep learning-based analysis on whole slide images (WSIs) allows extraction of complex quantitative data that can be used to uncover different inflammatory patterns. We aimed to explore the distribution of CD3 and γδ T cells in colon ... -
Variation in attitudes toward diagnosis and medication of ADHD: a survey among clinicians in the Norwegian child and adolescent mental health services
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2022-11-19)Prevalence and medication rates of ADHD vary geographically, both between and within countries. No absolute cutof exists between ADHD and normal behavior, making clinician attitudes (leading to local practice cultures) a potential explanation for the observed variation in diagnosis and medication rates. The objective of this study was to describe variation in attitudes toward diagnosis and medication ... -
Prevention of Fetal/Neonatal Alloimmune Thrombocytopenia in Mice: Biochemical and Cell Biological Characterization of Isoforms of a Human Monoclonal Antibody
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2022-01-01)Maternal alloantibodies toward paternally inherited Ags on fetal platelets can cause thrombocytopenia and bleeding complications in the fetus or neonate, referred to as fetal and neonatal alloimmune thrombocytopenia (FNAIT). This is most commonly caused by Abs against the human platelet Ag (HPA)-1a in Caucasians, and a prophylactic regimen to reduce the risk for alloimmunization to women at risk ... -
Diet-wide association study of 92 foods and nutrients and lung cancer risk in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition study and the Netherlands Cohort Study
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2022-07-13)It is unclear whether diet, and in particular certain foods or nutrients, are associated with lung cancer risk. We assessed associations of 92 dietary factors with lung cancer risk in 327 790 participants in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC). Cox regression yielded adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) per SD higher intake/day of ...