Det helsevitenskapelige fakultet: Recent submissions
Now showing items 1861-1880 of 10407
-
Smoking and pancreatic cancer: a sex-specific analysis in the Multiethnic Cohort study
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2022-10-17)Purpose To examine whether the detrimental smoking-related association with pancreatic cancer (PC) is the same for women as for men.<p> <p>Methods We analyzed data from 192,035 participants aged 45–75 years, enrolled in the Multiethnic Cohort study (MEC) in 1993–1996. We identifed PC cases via linkage to the Hawaii and California Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Program cancer registries ... -
A nationwide study of patients operated for cervical degenerative disorders in public and private hospitals
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2022-07-27)During the last decades, there has been an increase in the rate of surgery for degenerative disorders of the cervical spine and in the use of supplementary private health insurance. Still, there is limited knowledge about the diferences in characteristics of patients operated in public and private hospitals. Therefore, we aimed at comparing sociodemographic-, clinical- and patient management data ... -
Hypo-osmotic stress induces the epithelial alarmin IL-33 in the colonic barrier of ulcerative colitis
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2022-07-07)Epithelial alarmins are gaining interest as therapeutic targets for chronic infammation. The nuclear alarmin interleukin-33 (IL-33) is upregulated in the colonic mucosa of acute ulcerative colitis (UC) and may represent an early instigator of the infammatory cascade. However, it is not clear what signals drive the expression of IL-33 in the colonic mucosa, nor is the exact role of IL-33 elucidated. We ... -
Detection of Klebsiella pneumoniae human gut carriage: a comparison of culture, qPCR, and whole metagenomic sequencing methods
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2022-08-31)Klebsiella pneumoniae is an important opportunistic healthcare-associated pathogen and major contributor to the global spread of antimicrobial resistance. Gastrointestinal colonization with K. pneumoniae is a major predisposing risk factor for infection and forms an important hub for the dispersal of resistance. Current culture-based detection methods are time consuming, give limited intra-sample ... -
Diskursive kamper? Familiemekleres ulike forståelser av barns deltakelse i obligatorisk mekling ved foreldres samlivsbrudd
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2022-09-02)Barns rett til å høres blir stadig formelt styrket. Meklere i familievernet som skal iverksette denne retten i forbindelse med foreldres samlivsbrudd, har et betydelig rom for skjønnsutøvelse. Det foreligger begrenset kunnskap om hvordan og hvorfor praksis varierer. I denne artikkelen analyserer vi 20 mekleres diskusjoner rundt barns rett til å høres i forbindelse med foreldremekling. Vi anlegger ... -
Racial and Ethnic Differences in the Association Between Classical Cardiovascular Risk Factors and Common Carotid Intima-Media Thickness: An Individual Participant Data Meta-Analysis
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2022-07-25)BACKGROUND: The major risk factors for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease differ by race or ethnicity but have largely been defined using populations of European ancestry. Despite the rising prevalence of cardiovascular disease in Africa there are few related data from African populations. Therefore, we compared the association of established cardiovascular risk factors with carotid-intima ... -
Family care strategies in an unpredictable ICU environment. ICU nurses’ and physicians’ interprofessional and individual strategies for critically ill ICU patients’ families – a qualitative study
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2022-12-13)<p><i>Background:</i> Critical illness not only disrupts the patient’s life, but also the lives of close family members. The care provided by ICU nurses and physicians can reduce the family members’ burden and improve the patient's outcome. Previous research shows that although ICU families generally report high satisfaction, there are several barriers to family care and areas for improvement. Family ... -
Phenotypic and genotypic characterisation of thymine auxotrophy in Escherichia coli isolated from a patient with recurrent bloodstream infection
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2022-07-08)Introduction<p> <p>Thymine auxotrophic in vitro mutants of Escherichia coli were first reported in the mid-20th century. Later, thymine-dependent clinical strains of E. coli as well as other Enterobacterales, Enterococcus faecalis and Staphylococcus aureus have been recognized as the cause of persistent and recurrent infections. <p>Objectives <p>The aim of this study was to characterize the ... -
Falsifiable Network Models. A Network-based Approach to Predict Treatment Efficacy in Ulcerative Colitis
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2022-12-09)This work is focused on understanding the treatment efficacy of patients with ulcerative colitis (UC) using a network-based approach. UC is one of two forms of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) along with Crohn’s disease. UC is a debilitating condition characterized by chronic inflammation and ulceration of the colon and rectum. UC symptoms occur gradually rather than abruptly, and the degree of ... -
A population-based study on health and living conditions among Sámi in Sweden: the SámiHET study
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2022-05-24)The aim of this paper was to describe the study design, data collection procedure and participation of the population-based study “Sámi Health on Equal Terms” (SámiHET) conducted among the Sámi in Sweden in 2021. A Sámi sample was constructed, drawing from three pre-existing-registers: the Sámi electoral roll, the reindeer mark register and the “Labour statistics based on administrative sources” ... -
Radiolegen
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2022-05-23)Han fikk avslag fra Teaterhøgskolen begge gangene han søkte. I dag bruker fastlege Morten Munkvik sine formidlingsevner til å lage bøker, tegneserier, sanger og radio om allmennmedisin til tusenvis av lyttere hver uke. -
Pre-diagnostic C-reactive protein concentrations, CRP genetic variation and mortality among individuals with colorectal cancer in Western European populations
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2022-06-24)<b><p>Background</b> The role of elevated pre-diagnostic C-reactive protein (CRP) concentrations on mortality in individuals with colorectal cancer (CRC) remains unclear. <b><p>Methods</b> We investigated the association between pre-diagnostic high-sensitivity CRP concentrations and CRP genetic variation associated with circulating CRP and CRC-specific and all-cause mortality based on ... -
Risk factors and predictors for venous thromboembolism in people with ischemic stroke: A systematic review
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2022-07-28)Identification of individuals with ischemic stroke at particularly high risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE) is crucial for targeted thromboprophylaxis. To guide clinical decision-making and development of risk prediction models, increased knowledge on risk factors and biomarkers is needed. Therefore, we set out to identify risk factors and predictors for VTE in people with ischemic stroke by ... -
Markers of neutrophil activation and neutrophil extracellular traps in diagnosing patients with acute venous thromboembolism: A feasibility study based on two VTE cohorts
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2022-07-28)<b><p>Background</b> Venous thromboembolism (VTE) diagnosis would greatly benefit from the identification of novel biomarkers to complement D-dimer, a marker limited by low specificity. Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) have been shown to promote thrombosis and could hypothetically be used for diagnosis of acute VTE. <b><p>Objectives</b> To assess the levels of specific markers of ... -
Possibilities and paradoxes in medicine: love of order, loveless order and the order of love
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2022-06-09)We have a desire to discover and create order, and our constitution, including our rational faculties, indicates that we are predisposed for such productivity. This affinity for order and the establishment of order is fundamental to humans and naturally also leaves its mark on the medical discipline. When this profession is made subject to criticism, frequently in terms of well-used reproofs such ... -
Outcomes after coronary angiography for unstable angina compared to stable angina, myocardial infarction and an asymptomatic general population
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2022-07-31)Background: The outcomes of real-world unstable angina (UA) in the high-sensitivity troponin era are unclear. We aimed to investigate the outcomes of UA referred to coronary angiography compared to stable angina (SA), nonST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI), STEMI and a general population.<p> <p>Methods: We included the 9,694 patients with no prior coronary artery disease (CAD) ... -
The Small Heat Shock Protein, HSPB1, Interacts with and Modulates the Physical Structure of Membranes
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2022-06-30)Small heat shock proteins (sHSPs) have been demonstrated to interact with lipids and modulate the physical state of membranes across species. Through these interactions, sHSPs contribute to the maintenance of membrane integrity. HSPB1 is a major sHSP in mammals, but its lipid interaction profile has so far been unexplored. In this study, we characterized the interaction between HSPB1 and phospholipids. ... -
Informal caregivers and assistive technology in Norwegian nursing homes
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2022-10-04)Aim<p> <p>To explore informal caregivers’ experiences and perspectives concerning assistive technology (AT) in two nursing homes, through the conceptual lens of person-centredness. <p>Background <p>The integration and use of AT and a person-centred approach to care are political intentions within healthcare services, both internationally and in Norway. In nursing homes, informal caregivers are ... -
Instruments to Identify Symptoms of Paternal Depression During Pregnancy and the First Postpartum Year: A Systematic Scoping Review
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2022-09-19)Men often experience depressive symptoms during the transition to parenthood, but there is a lack of synthesized knowledge of instruments used to identify such symptoms. The aim of this scoping review was to identify instruments used to measure symptoms of depressive symptoms among fathers in pregnancy and the postpartum period, and to describe the instruments’ characteristics and measurement ... -
Can a structured model of ethical reflection be used to teach ethics to nursing students? An approach to teaching nursing students a tool for systematic ethical reflection
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2022-09-12)Background: Nurses encounter many ethical dilemmas in their practice. The ability to make good ethical decisions is a necessary competence in healthcare professions. International studies call for development and research on various methods to teach healthcare professionals ethics. This article describes an approach for learning how to be aware of and discover ethical dilemmas. By applying ...