Background/Aim: Numerous new treatment options have been approved for metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC) in the last decade. Nevertheless, not all patients receive systemic therapy. Certain patients present with very advanced disease, poor Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status (ECOG PS), or severe comorbidity, i.e. factors that lead oncologists to prefer best supportive ...

Background - Chronic lung disease (CLD) is common among children with HIV (CWH) including in those taking antiretroviral therapy (ART). Azithromycin has both antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory effects and has been effective in improving lung function in a variety of lung diseases. We investigated lung function trajectories among CWH with CLD on ART enrolled in a randomized controlled trial of ...

This dissertation is based on a naturalistic multicentre study in the context of an interdisciplinary assessment in neuropediatric clinics. The main objective was to expand knowledge about this assessment, focusing primarily on the role of screening instruments completed by caregivers and their satisfaction with the assessment. The validity and usefulness of screening tools for parental mental health ...

Aim: To explore gambling in the indigenous Sámi culture by studying thoughts, ideas and attitudes towards gambling among Sámi and people living in majority Sámi areas with knowledge of the culture. <p> <p>Methods: The topic was investigated in an inductive thematic analysis of semi-structured interviews with 14 people (n = 13 self-reported Sámi ethnicity). <p> <p>Results: The majority of the ...

This paper aims to discuss the current criteria for municipal priorities in municipal healthcare services in Norway in light of major theories from political philosophy on social justice, such as John Rawlsʼs theory of justice and utilitarianism. Our first goal is to show that perspectives from political philosophy could prove useful for increasing our understanding of the current priority-setting ...

Collaboration improves multiple academic and social outcomes. Accordingly, computer-supported collaborative learning (CSCL) can be beneficial in distance education contexts to overcome the issues specific to online learning (e.g., underperformance, low identification with university). Distance universities often attract a substantial number of non-traditional students (e.g., students with disability, ...

Importance - Early breast cancer detection is associated with lower morbidity and mortality.<p> <p>Objective - To examine whether a commercial artificial intelligence (AI) algorithm for breast cancer detection could estimate the development of future cancer.<p> <p>Design, Setting, and Participants - This retrospective cohort study of 116 495 women aged 50 to 69 years with no prior history of ...

Isogenic bacterial cell populations are phenotypically heterogenous and may include subpopulations of antibiotic tolerant or heteroresistant cells. The reversibility of these phenotypes and lack of biomarkers to differentiate functionally different, but morphologically identical cells is a challenge for research and clinical detection. To overcome this, we present ´Cellular Phenotypic Profiling and ...

Background Psychiatric comorbidity is frequent among persons with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Whether pharmacological treatment of ADHD influences the incidence of psychiatric comorbidity is uncertain.<p> <p>Objective To investigate associations and causal relations between pharmacological treatment of ADHD and incidence of subsequent comorbid psychiatric diagnoses. <p>Methods ...

MicroRNAs are involved in breast cancer development and progression, holding potential as biomarkers and therapeutic targets or tools. The roles of miR-20a-5p, a member of the oncogenic miR-17-92 cluster, remain poorly understood in the context of breast cancer. In this study, we elucidate the role of miR-20a-5p in breast cancer by examining its associations with breast cancer risk factors and ...