Det helsevitenskapelige fakultet: Recent submissions
Now showing items 2701-2720 of 10429
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Drug-Eluting versus Bare-Metal Stents in Saphenous Vein Grafts Compared to Native Coronary Vessels: The Norwegian Coronary Stent Trial Study
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-01)Background: Drug-eluting stents (DES) reduce target lesion revascularization (TLR) with no effect on mortality or myocardial infarction (MI) compared to bare-metal stents (BMS) in native vessels. Randomized stent studies in saphenous vein grafts (SVG) are few and the reported effects are ambiguous. The Norwegian Coronary Stent Trial study is the first to randomize lesions to percutaneous coronary ... -
Drømmen om nye tenner
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021)Tannlegene vært opptatt av muligheten for å få dannet nye tenner lenge. Det har ført til et nøye studium av den embryonale tann- dannelsen for å kunne kopiere den eksperimentelt. Forskningen har imidlertid bare i liten grad kunnet anvende sine eksperimen- telle oppsett på mennesker, men har benyttet seg av dyr som mus, rotter, minigriser og hunder, enkelte ganger i kombinasjon med in vitro ... -
Effect of A Healthy Body Image intervention on risk- and protective factors for eating disorders: A cluster randomized controlled trial
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-10-28)Objective - To investigate the immediate and 12-months effects of a school-based intervention aiming to reduce risk and enhance protective factors for eating disorder development in high school boys and girls.<p> <p>Method - In total, 4,149 adolescents from 30 high schools were eligible for inclusion and 2,446 consented to participate and were randomly allocated to the Healthy Body Image (HBI) ... -
Can we reliably measure cognitive effort? On the relation of implicit and explicit cognitive effort scales and tasks.
(Mastergradsoppgave; Master thesis, 2021-04-01)We tend to choose the action that is least demanding however measuring individual differences in the cost of cognitive effort can be elusive. We here report a set of five studies studying the relationship between four cognitive effort measures: the demand selection task, the cognitive effort discounting paradigm, a rationality battery to assess deliberate reasoning, and the Need for Cognition scale. ... -
"Doors started to appear:" A methodological framework for analyzing visuo-verbal data drawing on Roland Barthes's classification of text-image relations
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2022-03-30)Following a “visual turn” in qualitative methods, photographs and other forms of visual expression are increasingly used in conjunction with verbal data in social science research. According equal status to visual and verbal artifacts, however, poses significant methodological challenges. “Photo elicitation” methods, which typically privilege participants’ interpretations of photographs over the ... -
Disparities in Screening and Treatment of Cardiovascular Diseases in Patients With Mental Disorders Across the World: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of 47 Observational Studies
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-07-14)<p><i>Objective:</i> This study used meta-analysis to assess disparities in cardiovascular disease (CVD) screening and treatment in people with mental disorders, a group that has elevated CVD incidence and mortality. <p><i>Methods:</i> The authors searched PubMed and PsycInfo through July 31, 2020, and conducted a random-effect meta-analysis of observational studies comparing CVD screening and ... -
The soluble reticulophagy receptor CALCOCO1 is also a Golgiphagy receptor.
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-06-24)Cellular stress response mechanisms typically increase organellar quantity and volume. To restore cellular homeostasis and organellar integrity, the surplus organelles are cleared by macroautophagy/autophagy, an intracellular process that shuttles cytoplasmic material to the lysosomes for degradation. The degradation is mediated by autophagy receptors that selectively link the degradable cargo to ... -
ATG9A protects the plasma membrane from programmed and incidental permeabilization.
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-07-12)The integral membrane protein ATG9A plays a key role in autophagy. It displays a broad intracellular distribution and is present in numerous compartments, including the plasma membrane (PM). The reasons for the distribution of ATG9A to the PM and its role at the PM are not understood. Here, we show that ATG9A organizes, in concert with IQGAP1, components of the ESCRT system and uncover cooperation ... -
Sexual Incentive Motivation and Copulatory Behavior in Male Rats Treated With the Adrenergic α2-Adrenoceptor Agonists Tasipimidine and Fadolmidine: Implications for Treatment of Premature Ejaculation
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-09-04)<p><i>Background:</i> Premature ejaculation is the most common sexual dysfunction in young men, and it often leads to reduced relationship satisfaction and quality of life. <p><i>Aim:</i> To determine the role of central and peripheral α2-adrenoceptors in the control of ejaculation and sexual incentive motivation in rats. <p><i>Methods:</i> Sexual incentive motivation was studied in a large arena ... -
Improving translational research in sex-specific effects of comorbidities and risk factors in ischaemic heart disease and cardioprotection: Position paper and recommendations of the ESC Working Group on Cellular Biology of the Heart
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2020-06-02)Ischaemic heart disease (IHD) is a complex disorder and a leading cause of death and morbidity in both men and women. Sex, however, affects several aspects of IHD, including pathophysiology, incidence, clinical presentation, diagnosis as well as treatment and outcome. Several diseases or risk factors frequently associated with IHD can modify cellular signalling cascades, thus affecting ischaemia/reperfusion ... -
A multi-country test of brief reappraisal interventions on emotions during the COVID-19 pandemic
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-08-02)The COVID-19 pandemic has increased negative emotions and decreased positive emotions globally. Left unchecked, these emotional changes might have a wide array of adverse impacts. To reduce negative emotions and increase positive emotions, we tested the effectiveness of reappraisal, an emotion-regulation strategy that modifies how one thinks about a situation. Participants from 87 countries and ... -
Analyses of Increased Mortality in New and Known Diabetes in Patients with Coronary Disease Enrolled in the NORSTENT Randomized Study
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-05)Background: NORSTENT trial randomized 9,013 patients to percutaneous coronary intervention with drug-eluting stents (DES) or bare-metal stents (BMS) with a 5-year follow-up. Among the patients, 5,512 had measured either fasting glucose level or percent glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) at the index procedure. That cohort constitutes the present study population analyzing mortality and evaluating treatment ... -
What women want: Women’s health in Rural and Regional Australia – Insights from an interprofessional research collaboration between academic researchers, nursing clinicians, and industry professionals
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-11-28)The aim of this study was to (a) investigate community women's knowledge and experiences of women's health community services in northern rural and regional New South Wales, Australia; (b) identify any existing gaps in community women's health programs in this region and (c) to contribute to service provision, strategic planning, and industry professional development of community nurse researchers ... -
Consumption of ultra-processed foods associated with weight gain and obesity in adults: A multi-national cohort study
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-08-26)Background - There is a worldwide shift towards increased consumption of ultra-processed foods (UPF) with concurrent rising prevalence of obesity. We examined the relationship between the consumption of UPF and weight gain and risk of obesity.<p> <p>Methods - This prospective cohort included 348 748 men and women aged 25–70 years. Participants were recruited between 1992 and 2000 from 9 European ... -
Assessment of extracranial metastatic disease in patients with brain metastases: How much effort is needed in the context of evolving survival prediction models?
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-03-04)Survival prediction models may serve as decision-support tools for clinicians who have to assign the right treatment to each patient, in a manner whereby harmful over- or undertreatment is avoided as much as possible. Current models differ regarding their components, the overall number of components and the weighting of individual components. Some of the components are easy to assess, such as age ... -
Opportunities and Challenges for Nanotherapeutics for the Aging Population
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2022-01-25)Nanotherapeutics utilize the properties of nanomaterials to alter the pharmacology of the drugs and therapies being transported, leading to changes in their biological disposition (absorption, distribution, cellular uptake, metabolism and elimination) and ultimately, their pharmacological effect. This provides an opportunity to optimize the pharmacology of drugs, particularly for those that are ... -
Recursive partitioning analysis of systemic therapy after radiotherapy in patients with brain metastases
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-03)Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify factors associated with the initiation or continuation of systemic treatment after brain irradiation. The outcome of interest was a utilization rate of at least 75%, given that active extracranial disease is common in patients with brain metastases. If left untreated, extracranial disease limits survival, regardless of successful local treatment of ... -
The Use of the Bolk Model for Positive Health and Living Environment in the Development of an Integrated Health Promotion Approach: A Case Study in a Socioeconomically Deprived Neighborhood in The Netherlands
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2022-02-21)Background. Despite considerable efforts, health disparities between people with high and low socioeconomic status (SES) have not changed over the past decades in The Netherlands. To create a culture of health and an environment in which all people can flourish, a shift in focus is needed from disease management towards health promotion. The Bolk model for Positive Health and Living Environment ... -
Rural general practice staff experiences of patient safety incidents and low quality of care in Norway: an interview study
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-06-28)Background and objectives: General practitioners (GPs), nurses and medical secretaries (practice staff) are responsible for the continuous provision of safe care in rural general practice. Little is known about their role in situations where patients were or could have been harmed in a rural setting. Therefore, we sought to investigate rural general practice staff experiences of patient safety ... -
Drug loading to mesoporous silica carriers by solvent evaporation: A comparative study of amorphization capacity and release kinetics
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-08-08)The sorption of poorly aqueous soluble active pharmaceutical ingredients (API) to mesoporous silica carriers is an increasingly common formulation strategy for dissolution rate enhancement for this challenging group of substances. However, the success of this approach for a particular API depends on an array of factors including the properties of the porous carrier, the loading method, or the attempted ...