Det helsevitenskapelige fakultet: Recent submissions
Now showing items 2821-2840 of 10433
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Impact of obesity-related inflammation on cardiac metabolism and function
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-11-10)This review focuses on the role of adipose tissue in obese individuals in the development of metabolic diseases, and their consequences for metabolic and functional derangements in the heart. The general idea is that the expansion of adipocytes during the development of obesity gives rise to unhealthy adipose tissue, characterized by low-grade inflammation and the release of proinflammatory ... -
Blir retningslinjer for behandling av mindre alvorlige hodeskader fulgt?
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-05-03)<p><b>BAKGRUNN</b> De skandinaviske retningslinjene for akutt håndtering av voksne med minimal, lett eller moderat hodeskade har som mål å identifisere pasienter med risiko for å utvikle intrakranialt hematom samt å unngå unødvendig computertomografi (CT) og sykehusinnleggelse. Vi undersøkte etterlevelsen av retningslinjene ved Universitetssykehuset Nord-Norge Tromsø. <p><b>MATERIALE OG ... -
Clinical Reasoning - a Scotoma in the Medical Gaze?
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-07-07)Clinical reasoning is a core activity in everyday clinical work, but is also a well-developed field of research with scholarly papers, reviews, books, conferences and medical curriculum activities. In this body of knowledge, and although it remains a complex construct [1], clinical reasoning is generally defined as the cognitive processes and mental structures that physicians mobilise to decide on ... -
Historical foundations and contemporary expressions of a right to health care in Circumpolar Indigenous contexts: A cross-national analysis
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-07-14)Although numerous comparative Indigenous health policy analyses exist in the literature, to date, little attention has been paid to comparative analyses of Circumpolar health policy and the impact these policies may have on Indigenous peoples’ rights to health. In this article, we ground our discussion of Indigenous peoples’ right to access culturally appropriate and responsive health care within ... -
Prospective analysis of circulating metabolites and endometrial cancer risk
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-06-05)Background. Endometrial cancer is strongly associated with obesity and dysregulation of metabolic factors such as estrogen and insulin signaling are causal risk factors for this malignancy. To identify additional novel metabolic pathways associated with endometrial cancer we performed metabolomic analyses on pre-diagnostic plasma samples from 853 case-control pairs from the European Prospective ... -
A creative destruction approach to replication: Implicit work and sex morality across cultures
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2020-12-03)How can we maximize what is learned from a replication study? In the creative destruction approach to replication, the original hypothesis is compared not only to the null hypothesis, but also to predictions derived from multiple alternative theoretical accounts of the phenomenon. To this end, new populations and measures are included in the design in addition to the original ones, to help determine ... -
Indirect acute effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on physical and mental health in the UK: a population-based study
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-02-18)Background There are concerns that the response to the COVID-19 pandemic in the UK might have worsened physical and mental health, and reduced use of health services. However, the scale of the problem is unquantified, impeding development of effective mitigations. We aimed to ascertain what has happened to general practice contacts for acute physical and mental health outcomes during the ... -
” Being mutually involved in recovery”. A hermeneutic exploration of nurses’ experiences of patient participation in psychiatric care
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-11-26)Purpose: This study aims at exploring how psychiatric nurses’ experiences of patient participation could be understood from a caring science perspective.<p> Methods: The design was inspired by clinical application research., which is a hermeneutic approach developed within caring science research. . In this study data were co-created during four reflective group dialogues where five participants’ ... -
Clinical characteristics, risk factors and outcomes in patients with severe COVID-19 registered in the International Severe Acute Respiratory and Emerging Infection Consortium WHO clinical characterisation protocol: a prospective, multinational, multicentre, observational study
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2022-02-14)Due to the large number of patients with severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), many were treated outside the traditional walls of the intensive care unit (ICU), and in many cases, by personnel who were not trained in critical care. The clinical characteristics and the relative impact of caring for severe COVID-19 patients outside the ICU is unknown. This was a multinational, multicentre, ... -
Dopamine-related receptors, substance dependence, behavioral problems and personality among juvenile delinquents
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-12-13)The objective was two-fold: to examine possible associations between dopamine-related genetic polymorphisms and (1) substance dependence; and (2) self-reported psychiatric disturbances, behavioral problems, and personality. Genotyping of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP: s) in COMT, DAT and DRD4 was conducted in 174 Russian male juvenile inmates (14–18 years of age) subdivided into having a ... -
Integrating the clinical pharmacist into the emergency department interdisciplinary team: A study protocol for a multicentre trial applying a non-randomised stepped-wedge study design
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-11-25)Introduction: The ‘emergency department (ED) pharmacist’ is an integrated part of the ED interdisciplinary team in many countries, which have shown to improve medication safety and reduce costs related to hospitalisations. In Norway, few EDs are equipped with ED pharmacists, and research describing effects on patients has not been conducted. The aim of this study is to investigate the impact ... -
What are we optimizing for in autism screening? Examination of algorithmic changes in the M‐CHAT
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-11-26)The present study objectives were to examine the performance of the new M-CHAT-R algorithm to the original M-CHAT algorithm. The main purpose was to examine if the algorithmic changes increase identification of children later diagnosed with ASD, and to examine if there is a trade-off when changing algorithms. We included 54,463 screened cases from the Norwegian Mother and Child Cohort Study. ... -
Support and resources to promote and sustain health among nurses and midwives in the workplace: A qualitative study
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-02-09)Registered nurses and midwives are in short supply and have among the highest rates of sick leave in the global workforce. The aim of this study was therefore to explore and gain a deeper understanding of how nurses and midwives experience their everyday work, with a view toward promoting and sustaining their work-related health. Nine registered nurses and four registered midwives working in hospitals ... -
Risk of lower respiratory tract infections: a genome-wide association study with Mendelian randomization analysis in three independent European populations
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-11-09)Objective: Lower respiratory tract infections (LRTIs) are a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Few studies have previously investigated the genetic susceptibility and potential risk factors for LRTI. Methods: We used data from UK Biobank, HUNT, and FinnGen, to conduct a genome-wide association study (GWAS). Cases were subjects hospitalized with LRTI, and controls were subjects with ... -
Måleegenskaper ved den norske versjonen av Marschak Interaction method (MIM)
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021)Beskrivelse. Marschak Interaction Method (MIM) er en observasjonsmetode utviklet for å undersøke og vurdere samspillet mellom barn og omsorgsgiver. MIM ble utviklet av Marianne Marschak (1960) og senere tilpasset til bruk sammen med intervensjonen Theraplay. Rettighetshaver for MIM er the Theraplay Institute. MIM består av ulike oppgaver som omsorgsgiver og barnet utfører sammen. Oppgavene er utformet ... -
Phenotypic Characteristics and Melanoma Thickness in Women.
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-04-21)Patients’ phenotypic characteristics might be associated with melanoma aggressiveness, but the evidence is scarce. This study examined the associations between pigmentary characteristics, naevi and melanoma thickness. Data from the Norwegian Women and Cancer (NOWAC) study were analysed. By 2014, 1,243 women were diagnosed with a primary melanoma, and 1,140 had information on thickness. Using ordinal ... -
Cumulative risk of a false-positive screening result: A retrospective cohort study using empirical data from 10 biennial screening rounds in BreastScreen Norway
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-12-21)<p><b>Background</b> False-positive screening results are an inevitable and commonly recognized disadvantage of mammographic screening. This study estimated the cumulative probability of experiencing a first false-positive screening result in women attending 10 biennial screening rounds in BreastScreen Norway, which targets women aged 50 to 69 years. <p><b>Methods</b> This retrospective ... -
Strategies for Prevention and Treatment of COVID-19 related Symptoms. A Population Based Cross-sectional Study in Norway, Sweden and the Netherlands
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-11-23)Objectives: The present study was initiated to determine consultations with health care providers and use of selfmanagement strategies for prevention or treatment of COVID-19 related symptoms in countries with a full lockdown (Norway), a partial lockdown (the Netherlands) and no lockdown (Sweden) during the first three months of the COVID-19 pandemic, and if such use correlates with worries of being ... -
PSMA Expression in Differentiated Thyroid Cancer: Association with Radioiodine, 18FDG Uptake, and Patient Outcome
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-07-31)Context: Little is known about prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) expression in patients with cervical involvement of differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC).<p> Objective: We investigated PSMA expression in neck persistent/recurrent disease (PRD) using immunohistochemistry and the association with radioiodine (RAI) or 18-fluorodeoxyglucose (<sup>18</sup>FDG) uptake, and patient outcome.<p> Design, ... -
Evaluation of protein and amino acid intake estimates from the EPIC dietary questionnaires and 24-h dietary recalls using different food composition databases
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-09-20)Background and aims: This study aimed to expand the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) nutrient database (ENDB) by adding amino acid (AA) values, using the U.S. nutrient database (USNDB). Additionally, we aimed to evaluate these new protein and AA intake estimates from the EPIC dietary questionnaires (DQ) and 24- h dietary recalls (24-HDR) using different matching ...