Det helsevitenskapelige fakultet: Recent submissions
Now showing items 381-400 of 10396
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Medial Temporal Lobe Atrophy in Predementia Alzheimer's Disease: A Longitudinal Multi-Site Study Comparing Staging and A/T/N in a Clinical Research Cohort
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2023-06-27)Background: Atrophy of the medial temporal lobe (MTL) is a biological characteristic of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and can be measured by segmentation of magnetic resonance images (MRI). Objective: To assess the clinical utility of automated volumetry in a cognitively well-defined and biomarker-classified multi-center longitudinal predementia cohort. <p>Methods: We used Automatic Segmentation of ... -
Vitamin D Status During Adolescence and the Impact of Lifestyle Changes: 2 Years’ Follow-up From the Fit Futures Study
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2023-11-13)Context: Longitudinal data regarding vitamin D status in adolescence is scarce. This study presents population-based data from an Arctic adolescent population (n = 589) at 16 and 18 years. Objective: The aims of this study were to investigate changes in vitamin D status during 2 years in adolescence, and whether lifestyle changes were associated with serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (s-25(OH)D) at follow-up. ... -
In situ simulation training strengthened bachelor of nursing students’ experienced learning and development process– a qualitative study
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2024-02-15)Background In advanced clinical learning labs on campus, high-fidelity simulation has become an essential educational approach in the Bachelor of Nursing Education programme. However, simulation while in clinical placement, in situ, is rarely used in Bachelor of Nursing Education. The aim of the present study was to explore how in situ simulation training at a surgical hospital ward, according ... -
Cytomegalovirus infection and dexamethasone effects in liver sinusoidal endothelial cells
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2024-03-15)The liver is a major organ in the body's defense against blood-borne pathogens. It acts as a filter for the blood and is a central site for immune responses, and a central hub for various metabolic processes. Within the liver, an extensive network of small blood vessels, the hepatic sinusoids, are key sites for the exchange of nutrients and waste products between the blood circulation and the liver ... -
Homology Modeling of Transporter Proteins
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2023-03-24)Membrane transporter proteins are divided into channels/pores and carriers and constitute protein families of physiological and pharmacological importance. Several presently used therapeutic compounds elucidate their effects by targeting membrane transporter proteins, including anti-arrhythmic, anesthetic, antidepressant, anxiolytic and diuretic drugs. The lack of three-dimensional structures of ... -
Because sex matters: The case of female sexual response
(Chapter; Bokkapittel, 2023-05-17)In recent years, the Food and Drug Administration approved two drugs for the treatment of hypoactive sexual desire disorder in premenopausal women which have been tested in preclinical tests with positive effects on some appetitive sexual behavior in female rats. Some years after their commercial release, the effectiveness of both drugs in women is not clear. In the present chapter, we present some ... -
Exploring stakeholders' perspectives on the quality of services provided through community pharmacies
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2023-06-02)Introduction - It is important to understand the factors impacting the quality of services provided through community pharmacies. Exploring how key stakeholders perceive good quality in these services is a logical first step. This could also inform the development of quality measures, such as quality indicators (QIs).<p> <p>Aim - To identify key stakeholders' perspectives on the quality of services ... -
Artificial intelligence-supported screen reading versus standard double reading in the Mammography Screening with Artificial Intelligence trial (MASAI): a clinical safety analysis of a randomised, controlled, non-inferiority, single-blinded, screening accuracy study
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2023-08-01)Background - Retrospective studies have shown promising results using artificial intelligence (AI) to improve mammography screening accuracy and reduce screen-reading workload; however, to our knowledge, a randomised trial has not yet been conducted. We aimed to assess the clinical safety of an AI-supported screen-reading protocol compared with standard screen reading by radiologists following ... -
Optimizing the Pairs of Radiologists That Double Read Screening Mammograms
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2023-10-24)Performance characteristics of mammography readers influenced the performance of pairs, but specific pairing strategies did not result in significantly different overall performance compared with that resulting from random pairing strategies.<p> <p>Background - Despite variation in performance characteristics among radiologists, the pairing of radiologists for the double reading of screening ... -
Screening outcome for interpretation by the first and second reader in a population-based mammographic screening program with independent double reading
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2023-05-28)Background - Double reading of screening mammograms is associated with a higher rate of screen-detected cancer than single reading, but different strategies exist regarding reader pairing and blinding. Knowledge about these aspects is important when considering strategies for future use of artificial intelligence in mammographic screening.<p> <p>Purpose - To investigate screening outcome, ... -
Early performance measures following regular versus irregular screening attendance in the population-based screening program for breast cancer in Norway
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2023-09-11)Irregular attendance in breast cancer screening has been associated with higher breast cancer mortality compared to regular attendance. Early performance measures of a screening program following regular versus irregular screening attendance have been less studied. We aimed to investigate early performance measures following regular versus irregular screening attendance. Methods We used information ... -
Experience of pain during mammographic screening by three different compression paddles
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2023-07-13)Introduction - Experience of pain during screening mammography is shown to affect further attendance negatively. We aimed to explore the experience of pain during screening mammography using three different breast compression paddles.<p> <p>Methods - Using a self-report questionnaire, we collected information on pain experienced during mammography from 938 women screened in Bodø at Nordland ... -
Disrupting the Social and Time Vacuum: A Systemic and Lifespan Perspective on Job Insecurity
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel, 2023)In their lead article, Klug et al. conceptualize job insecurity as a multilevel construct whereby individuals are situated in meso- and macro-level contexts. Their resulting model highlights that the experience of job insecurity, as well as reactions to job insecurity, are not only affected by factors emanating from individuals' direct environment (i.e., at the individual level) but also from different ... -
Fokus på sammenhæng mellem klima, sundhed og økonomi er nødvendigt for et bæredygtigt sundhedsvæsen
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2023-11-13)Bæredygtighed indebærer at tænke langsigtet og i netværk af forbindelser, som i sidste ende har global effekt. Det skal inkluderes i de sundhedsvidenskabelige uddannelser. -
Mediating Role of Lifestyle Behaviors in the Association between Education and Cancer: Results from the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2023-01-09)Background: Many studies have shown that socioeconomic position (SEP) is associated with the incidence of malignant tumors at different sites. This study aims to estimate the association between educational level (as proxy for SEP) and cancer incidence and to understand whether the observed associations might be partially explained by lifestyle behaviors.<p> <p>Methods: The analyses were performed ... -
Multiple Chemical Sensitivity: Catching up to what kind of science?
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2023-12-27)The recent review of Molot et al. (2023) appropriately emphasizes Multiple Chemical Sensitivity (MCS) as a growing health issue and the necessity of dedicated healthcare and medical education. The authors explain MCS mainly as the result of the sensitization of transient receptor potential (TRP) receptors, notably TRPV1 and TRPA1, and oppose this explanation to psychological processes as a causal ... -
AI Risk Score on Screening Mammograms Preceding Breast Cancer Diagnosis
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2023-10-17)More than 38% of both screen-detected and interval cancers were assigned the highest artificial intelligence risk score on screening mammograms that preceded breast cancer diagnosis.<p> <p>Background - Few studies have evaluated the role of artificial intelligence (AI) in prior screening mammography.<p> <p>Purpose - To examine AI risk scores assigned to screening mammography in women who were ... -
Electrohypersensitivity is always real
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2022-12-01)Given the rapid increase of electromagnetic fields in our environment, the recent review paper by Belpomme and Irigaray (2022) (https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2022.113374) is timely in trying to integrate and discuss the available evidence to understand electrohypersensitivity (EHS), also called idiopathic environmental intolerance attributed to electromagnetic fields (IEI-EMF) or symptoms associated ... -
The bacterial magnesium transporter MgtA reveals highly selective interaction with specific cardiolipin species
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2023-10-23)The bacterial magnesium transporter A (MgtA) is a specialized P-type ATPase important for Mg<sup>2+</sup> import into the cytoplasm; disrupted magnesium homeostasis is linked to intrinsic ribosome instability and antibacterial resistance in Salmonella strains. Here, we show that MgtA has functional specificity for cardiolipin 18:1. Still, it reaches maximum activity only in combination with ... -
Investigating the effects of the ketone body ß-hydroxybutyrate and the anti-cancer compound MHP88 on glioblastoma multiforme cells in vitro
(Mastergradsoppgave; Master thesis, 2021-05-16)Introduction: Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most aggressive human brain tumor with a mean survival of 15 months. It is therefore necessary to explore new treatment strategies, and to study how different hallmarks of cancer can be utilized in this regard. The marine natural product mimic MHP88 can attack the cancer cells’ ability to evade immune destruction by inducing immunogenic cell death ...