Det helsevitenskapelige fakultet: Recent submissions
Now showing items 421-440 of 10396
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Evaluering av pilotprosjekt med primærhelseteam og alternative finansieringsordninger: Sluttrapport 2018 – 2023 (Statusrapport VI)
(Research report; Forskningsrapport, 2024)Primærhelseteam (PHT) er tverrfaglige team som inkluderer fastlege, sykepleier og helsesekretær. Sentrale målgrupper for PHT er brukere med kronisk sykdom, brukere med psykiske lidelser og rusavhengighet, brukere som omtales som «skrøpelige eldre» og brukere med utviklingshemming og funksjonsnedsettelser, samt «svake etterspørrere». <p> <p>For å finne ut om PHT, med mer systematisk oppfølging av ... -
Changes in reward-induced neural activity upon Cafeteria Diet consumption
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2024-02-01)Excessive consumption of highly palatable foods rich in sugar and fat, often referred to as “junk” or “fast” foods, plays a central role in the development of obesity. The highly palatable characteristics of these foods activate hedonic and motivational mechanisms to promote food-seeking behavior and overeating, which is largely regulated by the brain reward system. Excessive junk food consumption ... -
Er det nok å overleve en fødsel?
(Chronicle; Kronikk, 2023-05-05)5. mai er den internasjonale jordmordagen! Visste du at jordmor er et av verdens eldste yrker? Fra tidenes morgen, verden rundt, i alle samfunn, har kvinner søkt støtte, kompetanse og trygghet under fødsel. -
Strategies to decrease inequalities in cancer therapeutics, care and prevention: Proceedings on a conference organized by the Pontifical Academy of Sciences and the European Academy of Cancer Sciences, Vatican City, February 23–24, 2023
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2023-12-22)Analyses of inequalities related to prevention and cancer therapeutics/care show disparities between countries with different economic standing, and within countries with high Gross Domestic Product. The development of basic technological and biological research provides clinical and prevention opportunities that make their implementation into healthcare systems more complex, mainly due to the growth ... -
Feasibility of a new intervention addressing group-based balance and high-intensity training, physical activity, and employment in individuals with multiple sclerosis: a pilot randomized controlled trial
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2024-01-08)Background and purpose: Impaired sensorimotor function, reduced physical activity and unemployment are common challenges in persons with multiple sclerosis (pwMS), even when disability is low. CoreDISTparticipation is a new, multidisciplinary intervention delivered across healthcare levels systematically addressing these elements. This study primarily aimed to evaluate the feasibility ... -
Association of the CHEK2 c.1100delC variant, radiotherapy, and systemic treatment with contralateral breast cancer risk and breast cancer-specific survival
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2023-07-03)Background - Breast cancer (BC) patients with a germline CHEK2 c.1100delC variant have an increased risk of contralateral BC (CBC) and worse BC-specific survival (BCSS) compared to non-carriers.<p> <p>Aim - To assessed the associations of CHEK2 c.1100delC, radiotherapy, and systemic treatment with CBC risk and BCSS.<p> <p>Methods - Analyses were based on 82,701 women diagnosed with a first ... -
The J shaped association of age at menarche and cardiovascular events: systematic review and meta-analysis
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel, 2024)This study aimed to evaluate the association between age at menarche and cardiovascular (CV) events through a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies. A comprehensive literature search covering studies published from January 1, 2000, to October 31, 2023, was conducted in PubMed, MEDLINE, Embase, and Scopus. Twenty-nine observational studies involving 4,931,160 adult women aged ... -
Transcatheter aortic valve implantation (from inception to standard treatment): a single-center observational study
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2024-01-15)Background: Treatment of severe aortic stenosis with transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) was introduced in 2002. Since then, TAVI has become the primary treatment approach worldwide for advanced-age patients and younger patients with severe comorbidities. We aimed to evaluate the changes in patient demographics, complications, and mortality rates within 13 years.<p> <p>Methods: This ... -
A window of opportunities: Composing a relational space for living and telling sustainable stories to live by
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2023-11-22)This article is based on experiences with the Dreamcatchers, a project involving people living with substance addiction, and their significant others, in which the participants composed and explored narratives through creative, collaborative processes. In the article, we think with a narrative composed by one of the participants in the project to learn from her experiences. Our thinking is inspired ... -
From serial reproduction to serial communication: transmission of the focus of comparison in lay communication about gender inequality
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2023-10-21)We introduce and explore the potential of the serial communication method, a modification of the serial reproduction paradigm in which participants communicate their own thoughts. It affords participants more agency, more closely simulating real communication. We specifically examined the transmission of the focus of comparison in explanations of gender inequality, a consequential form of equivalency ... -
Automatic measurements of left ventricular volumes and ejection fraction by artificial intelligence: clinical validation in real time and large databases
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2023-10-26)Aims - Echocardiography is a cornerstone in cardiac imaging, and left ventricular (LV) ejection fraction (EF) is a key parameter for patient management. Recent advances in artificial intelligence (AI) have enabled fully automatic measurements of LV volumes and EF both during scanning and in stored recordings. The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of implementing AI measurements on acquisition ... -
Automatic measurements of left ventricular volumes and ejection fraction by artificial intelligence reduces time-consumption and inter-observer variability
(Conference object; Konferansebidrag, 2023-06-19) -
Certolizumab pegol, abatacept, tocilizumab or active conventional treatment in early rheumatoid arthritis: 48-week clinical and radiographic results of the investigator-initiated randomised controlled NORD-STAR trial
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2023-07-09)Background - The optimal first-line treatment in early rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is debated. We compared clinical and radiographic outcomes of active conventional therapy with each of three biological treatments with different modes of action.<p> <p>Methods - Investigator-initiated, randomised, blinded-assessor study. Patients with treatment-naïve early RA with moderate–severe disease activity ... -
Aspects of brain health and pain tolerance in a general population
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2024-02-15)Pain is a major burden both for affected individuals and for society. While it has been established that processing in the brain is key to the experience of pain, most of the research is done in healthy volunteers or patients with specific pain conditions. Less is known about how the status of the brain may relate to pain sensitivity in the general population. While clinical pain can differ because ... -
Biochemical and Cellular Characterization of the Function of Fluorophosphonate-Binding Hydrolase H (FphH) in Staphylococcus aureus Support a Role in Bacterial Stress Response
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2023-10-12)The development of new treatment options for bacterial infections requires access to new targets for antibiotics and antivirulence strategies. Chemoproteomic approaches are powerful tools for profiling and identifying novel druggable target candidates, but their functions often remain uncharacterized. Previously, we used activity-based protein profiling in the opportunistic pathogen Staphylococcus ... -
Emergence of vancomycin-resistant enterococci from vancomycin susceptible enterococci in hospitalized patients under antimicrobial therapy
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2023-12-19)Objectives: Enterococci are opportunistic pathogens with plastic genomes that evolve, acquire, and transmit antimicrobial-resistant determinants such as vancomycin resistance clusters. While vancomycinresistant enterococci (VRE) have emerged as successful nosocomial pathogens, the mechanism by which vancomycin-susceptible enterococci (VSE) transform to VRE in hospitalized patients remains ... -
Perspective: Dimensions of Environment and Health in Arctic Communities
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2023-12-12)In the Arctic, environment and health are linked in myriad ways. A key emphasis has been on numerous long-lived contaminants in traditional foods, particularly marine mammals, and their well-documented impacts on human, animal and environmental health (“One health approach”). More recent concerns for Indigenous communities focus on the (side) effects of the switch to a modern, processed diet, which ... -
Long-Term Results After Surgery for Degenerative Cervical Myelopathy
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2023-10-20)BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Degenerative cervical myelopathy (DCM) is a frequent cause of spinal cord dysfunction, and surgical treatment is considered safe and effective. Long-term results after surgery are limited. This study investigated long-term clinical outcomes through data from the Norwegian registry for spine surgery.<p> <p>METHODS: Patients operated at the university hospitals serving ... -
Exploring Online Health Information Seeking Behaviour (OHISB) among young adults: A scoping review protocol
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2024-01-30)<p><i>Introduction</i> In recent years, information technology and social media have experienced unprecedented growth, particularly in the Nordic countries. However, there is a noticeable lack of comprehensive understanding regarding the latest research findings on online health information seeking behaviour (OHISB) among young adults (18 to >30). There is a need to conduct an updated review to ... -
Å være veileder i "praksisvinden"-utfordringer og didaktiske implikasjoner for praksisveilederutdanningen
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2023-03-01)Studien undersøker praksisveilederes utfordringer i veiledning av studenter i helse - og sosialfagutdanninger. Studien er en kvalitativ tekstanalyse. Datamaterialet er 72 eksamensbesvarelser fra praksisveiledere som gjennomførte praksisveilederutdanning. Resultatene viser at praksisveilederne har mange utfordringer; intrapersonlige-, interpersonlige- og strukturelle utfordringer. Hovedkategoriene ...