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norskDet helsevitenskapelige fakultet: Recent submissions
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Can perinatal SSRI exposure affect sexual behavior later in life? Early Developmental Fluoxetine Exposed Female Rats Observed in a Seminatural Environment
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2019-05-02)Renewed interests in sexual behavior research stems from human reports of negative symptoms of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI). The use of SSRIs, during pregnancy might impact the developing child, due to the drug’s ability to cross the placenta and also be present in breastmilk. Perinatal SSRI exposure thus elevates serotonin levels in the developing brain, during phases where serotonin ... -
Rationality: Can it be predicted by cognitive effort, ability and thinking disposition? On the role of willingness to exert cognitive effort, thinking disposition and executive function on deliberate reasoning tasks both with and without a heuristic response.
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2019-05-02)Å bruke intuisjon og magefølelsen, når det som egentlig kreves er nøye resonnering kan føre til feilaktige vurdering og beslutninger, ikke bare på quiz, men også ha store konsekvenser i hverdagen. Så hvorfor gjør vi det? En vanlig forklaring er at vi gjøre det fordi det er strevsomt og krever innsats å bedrive nøye resonnering, innsats vi til vanlig ikke liker. In denne studien kastet vi lys over ... -
Contingency awareness and its effects on fear-potentiated startle and extinction
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2019-05-01)Fear-potentiated startle is defined as an increase in the magnitude of the startle reflex in the presence of a stimulus that has been paired with an aversive stimulus or event. It has been debated how much awareness of contingencies can affect fear-potentiated startle and the extinction of this. A conditional discrimination procedure was adapted to a human fear-potentiated startle paradigm in 33 ... -
Får psykologstudenter det kunnskapsgrunnlaget de trenger for praksis og arbeid i førstelinjetjenesten? Et innblikk i studenters erfaring fra førstelinjepraksis på Psykhjelpen for de minste
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2018-04-30)Helse- og omsorgsdepartementet lovfestet i 2015 at samtlige kommuner skal ha kommunepsykolog innen 2020. Med vedtaket ønsker man å styrke forebyggende tiltak, hvor kommunepsykologen får et bredt spekter av nye arbeidsoppgaver. Hvorvidt psykologer er forberedt på denne endringen av psykologens virke har blitt debattert de siste årene. Universitetet i Tromsø (UiT) er ett av universitetene som ... -
Third-party prosocial behavior in adult female rats is impaired after perinatal fluoxetine exposure
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2020-04-26)SSRIs are commonly used to treat pregnant women with depression. However, SSRIs can cross the placenta and affect the development of the fetus. The effects of perinatal SSRI exposure, and especially the effects on social behavior, are still incompletely documented. This study first aims to investigate whether rats show prosocial behavior in the form of consolation behavior. Secondly, it aims to ... -
A 12-month follow-up of a transdiagnostic indicated prevention of internalizing symptoms in school-aged children: The results from the EMOTION study.
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2020-04-22)<i>Background</i> - Anxious and depressive symptoms in youth are highly prevalent, are often comorbid and have a high rate of relapse. Preventive interventions are promising, but follow-up results are lacking. The transdiagnostic EMOTION program is an indicated preventive cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) intervention targeting children aged 8–12 years.<p> <p><i>Methods</i> - The present study ... -
Epidemiologisk atrieflimmerforskning i Tromsøundersøkelsen. Hva har vi lært?
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2019)Tromsøundersøkelsen er Norges lengste, mest omfattende og best besøkte epidemiologiske befolkningsundersøkelse gjennom mer enn 40 år. Forskningen har gitt oss viktig kunnskap om helse og sykdom og bidrar til bedre pasientbehandling, nasjonalt og internasjonalt. Atrieflimmerforskning har bidratt til ny kunnskap om utbredelse og risikofaktorer. -
Does the EQ-5D usual activities dimension measure what it intends to measure? The relative importance of work, study, housework, family or leisure activities
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2020-04-23)<i>Background</i> - The EQ-5D is the most widely used generic preference-based health-related quality of life measure. It comprises five dimensions: mobility, self-care, usual activities, pain/discomfort and anxiety/depression. The usual activities dimension asks respondents to evaluate the severity of problems in their usual activities, such as work, study, housework, family or leisure activities. ... -
Maternal age and risk of cesarean section in women with induced labor at term—A Nordic register‐based study
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2019-10-04)<p><i>Introduction - </i>Over the last decades, induction of labor has increased in many countries along with increasing maternal age. We assessed the effects of maternal age and labor induction on cesarean section at term among nulliparous and multiparous women without previous cesarean section. <p><i>Material and methods - </i>We performed a retrospective national registry‐based study from Denmark, ... -
The ATLET study: Can subjects with long-standing motor incomplete spinal cord injury learn to walk? A randomized clinical trial
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2020-05-19)Body-weight supported locomotor training (BWSLT) has been used to improve walking function in subjects with incomplete Spinal Cord Injuries (SCI), but randomized controlled trials (RCTs) among subjects with long-standing (>2 years) incomplete SCI and poor walking function are scarce. This research aims to describe the methodology and report the results from two parallel, but independent, single-blinded ... -
Associations between self-compassion and complicated grief symptoms in bereaved individuals: An exploratory study
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2019-11-08)Grief is a normal and natural response to the loss of a loved one that is characterized by a broad range of emotional, behavioral, cognitive, and physiological symptoms. For most bereaved, these symptoms abate over time as the individual comes to terms with the loss. However, about 10% of the bereaved experience a persistent and debilitating grief reaction, a condition that has been termed complicated ... -
Kompetanse, faglig selvtillit og pasientsikkerhet : erfart kompetansebehov hos intensivsykepleiere ved en intensivavdeling nivå 1 på et lokalsykehus
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2019-11-28)<i>Bakgrunn</i>: Organisering av spesialisthelsetjenesten har i løpet av 20 år utviklet seg fra mange sykehus med brede funksjoner og kompetanse, til et hierarkisk system der spesialkompetansen er samlet i få sykehus. Omtalte organisering av tjenesten har medført nye utfordringer for intensivsykepleierne. Intensivsykepleiernes fagutøvelse er regulert av lov om faglig forsvarlig behandling og omsorgsfull ... -
Pårørendeinvolvering i planlegging og gjennomføring av helsehjelp til personer med frontotemporal demens
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2019)Several health policy documents emphasize the need for more knowledge regarding family caregiver`s involvement in implementation of healthcare services for people with dementia. This article examines how family caregivers of people with frontotemporal dementia (FTD) experience involvement, and furthermore investigates whether an activity perspective can be useful to understand barriers to family ... -
Drug-Loaded Photosensitizer-Chitosan Nanoparticles for Combinatorial Chemo- and Photodynamic-Therapy of Cancer
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2020-02-24)In this study we have developed biodegradable polymeric nanoparticles (NPs) containing the cytostatic drugs mertansine (MRT) or cabazitaxel (CBZ). The NPs are based on chitosan (CS) conjugate polymers synthesized with different amounts of the photosensitizer tetraphenylchlorin (TPC). These TPC–CS NPs have high loading capacity and strong drug retention due to π–π stacking interactions between the ... -
Is the Disease Burden from COPD in Norway Falling off? A Study of Time Trends in Three Different Data Sources
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2020-02-12)<i>Background</i>: Less smoking should lead to fewer COPD cases. We aimed at estimating time trends in the prevalence and burden of COPD in Norway from 2001 to 2017.<p><p> <i>Methods</i>: We used pre-bronchodilator spirometry and other health data from persons aged 40– 84 years in three surveys of the Tromsø Study, 2001– 2002, 2007– 2008 and 2015– 2016. We applied spirometry lower limits of normal ... -
Serum perfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS)and risk of various allergies in adolescents. The Tromsø study Fit Futures in Northern Norway
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2019)<b>Background:</b> Exposure to environmental pollutants may contribute to the development of asthma and other allergies. The aim of this study was to investigate possible associations between asthma and other allergies with exposure to perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) in adolescents from the Arctic region of Norway.<br><b> Methods</b> The Tromsø study Fit Futures 1 (TFF1) and 3-year follow-up Fit ... -
Approaches to Studying: A Cross-Sectional Comparison of Occupational Therapy Students in Six Education Programs in Norway
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2020-04)Students’ approaches to studying have been associated with their academic performance. Although previous research suggests that the cultural and educational context may influence approaches to studying, few studies have investigated differences in study approaches across education programs. The aim of this study was to examine whether approaches to studying differed among occupational therapy students ... -
Associations between learning environment variables and students’ approaches to studying: a cross-sectional study
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2020-04-20)<i>Background</i> - Aspects of the learning environment may be related to students` approaches to studying, but few studies have investigated these relationships in the context of occupational therapy education.<p> <p><i>Objective</i> - To examine associations between occupational therapy students’ perceptions of the learning environment and their approaches to studying.<p> <p><i>Method</i> - ... -
The importance of loneliness in psychotic-like symptoms: Data from three studies
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2019-10-19)Poor social connection or loneliness is a prominent feature of schizotypy and may exacerbate psychosis risk. Previous studies have examined the inter-relationships between loneliness and psychosis risk, but critically, they have largely been conducted in non-clinical samples or exclusively used laboratory questionnaires with limited consideration of the heterogeneity within schizotypy (i.e., positive, ... -
Physical activity, cardiorespiratory fitness and venous thromboembolism
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2020-02-07)Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is a serious disease that represents a growing public health concern, and identification of modifiable risk factors is a priority. Although physical activity and cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) are associated with a wealth of health benefits, their associations with VTE remain to be established. The aim of the present thesis was to summarize knowledge and to identify ...
