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norskDoktorgradsavhandlinger (Helsefak): Nye registreringer
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Breast cancer-associated NEAT1 in cellular stress response pathways
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2019-06-13)In this thesis, we investigated the role of NEAT1 in stress, cancer, and autophagy in breast cancer. In paper I, we studied NEAT1 in oxidative stress and heat shock. In the heat shock response, HSF1 translocates into the nucleus in order to activate its target gene, and we discovered a novel binding site for HSF1 in the promoter of NEAT1. The expression of NEAT1, as well as paraspeckle formation, ... -
Long-term exercise maintenance via telerehabilitation for people with COPD. Feasibility, effectiveness, benefits and challenges
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2019-06-06)Background and aims: The availability of pulmonary rehabilitation (PR) and exercise maintenance programs for people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is low, despite being beneficial and recommended. Telerehabilitation can support the delivery of such programs to patients’ homes. However, there is little knowledge of its benefits for people with COPD. This thesis aimed to investigate ... -
Chronic hepatitis C: Epidemiology, viral resistance, and public health implications
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2019-06-14)Chronic hepatitis C: Epidemiology, viral resistance, and public health implications Chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection can progress to cirrhosis and end-stage liver disease. The infection is frequently asymptomatic, leaving many infected individuals unaware of the diagnosis until complications occur. The total number of HCV infections is projected to remain stable or to decline, but the ... -
Obesity, renal hyperfiltration and glomerular filtration rate decline in the general population
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2019-06-11)Obesity is a well-known risk factor for several severe diseases, including diabetes and cardiovascular disease. The metabolic syndrome is a concept related to obesity which includes additional risk factors for disease: increased waist circumference, high blood pressure, elevated fasting glucose, elevated triglycerides and lowered high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels. Both obesity and the ... -
Drug resistance and the functional role of microRNAs in neuroblastoma
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2019-06-13)Neuroblastoma is the most common solid tumor in infants. Most of the children diagnosed above one year of age, shows metastatic disease and poor prognosis. Chemotherapy is one of the principle mode of treatment. However, resistance to drug represent a major clinical obstacle for the effective treatment of cancer. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small, non-coding RNAs that regulate gene expression, ... -
Too much medicine? A study investigating unwarranted regional variation and use of medical care
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2019-07-03)<p>Den overordna tematikken i avhandlingen er overforbruk og regional skeivbruk av helsetjenester. Fellesnevneren for delstudiene er manglende evidens for dagens praksis eller at dagens praksis ikke følger vitenskapelige anbefalinger. <p>Målet med avhandlingen var å: 1) Undersøke behandlingsmessig konsekvens av elektiv CT for pasienter med selvbegrensede anfall av mistenkt urolithiasis. 2) Kartlegge ... -
Shared risk factors for arterial cardiovascular diseases and venous thromboembolism
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2019-06-28)<i>Summary</i> - Extensive evidence support an association between arterial cardiovascular disease (CVD, i.e. myocardial infarction [MI] and ischemic stroke), and subsequent venous thromboembolism (VTE, i.e. deep vein thrombosis [DVT]) and pulmonary emboli [PE]). However, the mechanism behind the associations remains unclear. The aim of this thesis was to investigate the impact of ischemic stroke ... -
Attitudes to evidence-based interventions and routine outcome measures in mental health professionals
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2019-06-20)The complicated relationship between clinical health science and clinical practice has widely been referred to as the “science-practice gap”. This is for instance visible in the discrepancy between the amount of resources spent to develop and apply evidence-based treatment programmes and interventions (EBI) and the extent to which these interventions are used in real-life mental health care service ... -
Manual dexterity in young and healthy older adults and its association with cognitive abilities
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2019-05-21)<p><i>Background and aims - </i>Much research has been conducted on age-related changes in cognitive function, but psychomotor abilities, such as manual dexterity, have been less studied. A better understanding is needed of which movement components account for the general slowing of performance and how central factors, such as cognitive decline, contribute to slowing. The aims of this thesis were ... -
Continuity of care for patients with long-term complex needs - implications for clinical hospital practice.
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2019-05-20)The background for this thesis is lack of knowledge that covers the broader perspective of development, implementation, and evaluation of continuity of care-solutions for persons with diverse and complex needs in hospitals and across health services. The aim was therefore to investigate implications for hospital practices related to realizing continuity of care for patients with long-term complex ... -
Antibiotics and probiotics to neonates-Adverse effects, impact on gut microbiota and antibiotic resistome, and Bifidobacterium pathogenicity
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2018-02-16)The main objective of this thesis was to systematically review potential side effects of antibiotic therapy in neonates and to study the gut microbiota composition of preterm infants receiving probiotic prophylaxis. This thesis includes two systemic reviews, a prospective longitudinal multi-centre trial investigating the gut microbiota in preterm infants receiving probiotics compared to preterm ... -
The prevalence and possible risk factors of asthma in a subarctic child population. A study of asthma and allergy among schoolchildren i Nordland county
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2019-05-07)Astmaepidemien de siste årtiene, har ført til at astma er blitt den vanligste kroniske sykdommen blant barn i den vestlige verden. Selv om studier fra ulike steder viser stor variasjon i forekomsten av astma, allergisk øye- og nesekatarr (rhinokonjunktivitt) og eksem, har man på tross av utstrakt forskning ikke funnet årsaken til sykdommene eller entydige forebyggende tiltak. Denne avhandlingen ... -
The prevalence and incidence of diabetes mellitus among Sami and non-Sami inhabitants of Northern Norway
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2019-05-07)The thesis is based upon data from two cross-sectional population-based surveys, the SAMINOR 1 Survey (2003-2004) and the SAMINOR 2 Clinical Survey (2012-2014). The prevalence of pre-diabetes and diabetes mellitus among Sami and non-Sami inhabitants of the 24 municipalities from North- and Mid-Norway was estimated in the SAMINOR 1 Survey. No statistically significant difference in the prevalence of ... -
Studies of peripheral nerve blocks for hand and shoulder surgery
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2019-04-04)Performing regional anesthesia with a minimum effective volume (MEV) of local anesthetic may reduce the risk of systemic local anesthesia toxicity. The lateral sagittal infraclavicular block (LSIB) is a well-established anesthesia method for surgery distal to the shoulder. For LSIB using ropivacaine 7.5 mg/ml the MEV was previously not known and we estimated MEV95 to be 31 ml (95% CI, 18 – 45 ... -
Supervision in pediatric physiotherapy: an ambiguous distinction between treatment and supervision. A qualitative explorative study using observations and interviews
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2019-05-23)Supervision of non-professionals has become an integrated part of current practice in pediatric physiotherapy in primary health care. Limited knowledge exists regarding the content, organization and achievements of such practice. In this doctoral project, we explored supervision in the field of physiotherapy services for preschool children with CP who have personal aides responsible for the daily ... -
An Assessment of Factors Influencing Use of Respiratory Protective Equipment in the Norwegian Smelter Industry and the Effect of a Knowledge-based Intervention
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2019-05-21)Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), asthma and other respiratory illness have been shown to be more prevalent in Norwegian smelter workers compared to the general population. There is evidence suggesting that the use of respiratory protective equipment (RPE) can be sub-optimal in occupations with respiratory exposure. This thesis investigated psychological factors thought to influence ... -
Identifying and measuring patient harms. A study of measuring adverse events in hospitalised patients by the Global Trigger Tool record review method
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2019-05-24)Patient harms, or adverse events which is the term used in this PhD thesis, is a global health problem. The Global Trigger Tool (GTT) is a widely used method to identify and measure adverse events (AEs). The method involves reviewers searching for triggers (situations) in randomly selected medical records and subsequently identifying AEs. However, the method is criticized due to the time used by ... -
The role of complement and Toll-like receptors in thromboinflammation
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2019-05-23)Sepsis fra bakterier er en alvorlig tilstand som årlig krever mange liv. Selv om immunsystemet og det hemostatiske system samarbeider for å bekjempe bakterieinfeksjoner, kan dette i noen tilfelle skyte over mål. Derfor har vi i denne studien undersøkt om bakterieindusert aktivering av koagulasjon og inflammasjon reduseres av en dobbelthemming av komplementsystemet og toll-like reseptorer (TLR). Det ... -
Dementia Disease Initiation: Identifying subjective cognitive decline (SCD) due to Alzheimer’s disease
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2019-05-20)Background: Alzheimer’s disease (AD) may develop 10-15 years before onset of mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Early intervention may serve to halt or delay disease progression. Thus, there is a need to investigate early cognitive and biological markers to detect and track disease progression. Subjective cognitive decline (SCD) is an established risk-factor for AD. However, SCD is a common phenomenon ... -
Collaboration and service quality among health care professionals working with children and their families in Norwegian municipalities
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2019-03-29)The main objective of this thesis was to examine the importance of interprofessional collaboration and teamwork between different health care professionals on outcomes that are relevant for the professionals themselves but also for the organizations, and indirectly also for the users of the different services. Interprofessional collaboration and teamwork are an integral part of the work health and ...
