Infectious pancreatic necrosis virus (IPNV) infection has been a major problem in salmonid aquaculture. Marker-assisted selection of individuals with resistant genotype at the major IPN quantitative trait locus (IPN-QTL) has significantly reduced mortality in recent years. We have identified host miRNAs that respond to IPNV challenge in salmon fry that were either homozygous resistant (RR) or ...

<i>Background</i> - MBLs form a large and heterogeneous group of bacterial enzymes conferring resistance to β-lactam antibiotics, including carbapenems. A large environmental reservoir of MBLs has been identified, which can act as a source for transfer into human pathogens. Therefore, structural investigation of environmental and clinically rare MBLs can give new insights into structure–activity ...

Nonulosonic acid (NulO) biosynthesis in bacteria is directed by <i>nab</i> gene clusters that can lead to neuraminic, legionaminic or pseudaminic acids. Analysis of the gene content from a set mainly composed of <i>Aliivibrio salmonicida</i> and <i>Moritella viscosa</i> strains reveals the existence of several unique nab clusters, for which the NulO products were predicted. This prediction method ...

Hybrid quantum mechanics/molecular mechanics (QM/MM) approaches are commonly used methods for investigating a plethora of chemical, biochemical, and biophysical processes that require explicit treatment of the electronic degrees of freedom when the system is too big to be entirely treated by QM methods alone (Warshel and Levitt, 1976; Senn and Thiel, 2009; Adhireksan et al., 2014; Campomanes et al., ...

Metallo-β-lactamases (MBLs) are an emerging cause of bacterial antibiotic resistance by hydrolysing all classes of β-lactams except monobactams, and the MBLs are not inhibited by clinically available serine-β-lactamase inhibitors. Two of the most commonly encountered MBLs in clinical isolates worldwide – the New Delhi metallo-β-lactamase (NDM-1) and the Verona integron-encoded metallo-β-lactamase ...

A range of hitherto unexplored biomass‐derived chemicals have been evaluated as new sustainable solvents for a large variety of CO₂‐based carboxylation reactions. Known biomass‐derived solvents (biosolvents) are also included in the study and the results are compared with commonly used solvents for the reactions. Biosolvents can be efficiently applied in a variety of carboxylation reactions, ...

We present an extensive analysis of one- and two-photon absorption processes in some organic host-guest (H-G) complexes using linear and quadratic response theory within the framework of time-dependent density functional theory. For this purpose, we have considered all possible 20 host-guest complexes constructed from 4 host and 5 guest molecules. We have analysed how the one- and two-photon activity ...

The cellular methyl donor S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) and other endo/exogenous agents methylate DNA bases non-enzymatically into products interfering with replication and transcription. An important product is 3-methyladenine (m³A), which in <i>Escherichia coli</i> is removed by m³A-DNA glycosylase I (Tag) and II (AlkA). The <i>tag</i> gene is constitutively expressed, while ...

A set of rhenium(V)-oxo <i>meso</i>-triarylcorroles bearing ester and carboxylic acid functionalities were synthesized with a view to determining their potential for photodynamic therapy. Toward this end, we measured their near-IR phosphorescence and their ability to sensitize singlet oxygen formation. The two esters studied, Re^VO 5,10,15-tris(<i>meta</i>-carbomethoxyphenyl)corrole and ...

Sulfoxonium ylides have recently gained prominence as safe carbenoid precursors in metal-catalyzed reactions. The stability and reactivity of sulfoxonium ylides depend on the substitution of the ylide carbon. The reactivity of vinyl-substituted sulfoxonium ylides is different and offers several advantages over known stabilized sulfoxonium ylides in the case of carbenoid transfer reactions. Herein, ...