Det helsevitenskapelige fakultet: Recent submissions
Now showing items 1161-1180 of 10404
-
Symptoms and signs of urogenital cancer in primary care
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2023-04-26)Background - Urogenital cancers are common, accounting for approximately 20% of cancer incidence globally. Cancers belonging to the same organ system often present with similar symptoms, making initial management challenging. In this study, 511 cases of cancer were recorded after the date of consultation among 61,802 randomly selected patients presenting in primary care in six European countries: a ... -
Less is more: Antibiotics at the beginning of life
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2023-04-27)Antibiotic exposure at the beginning of life can lead to increased antimicrobial resistance and perturbations of the developing microbiome. Early-life microbiome disruption increases the risks of developing chronic diseases later in life. Fear of missing evolving neonatal sepsis is the key driver for antibiotic overtreatment early in life. Bias (a systemic deviation towards overtreatment) and noise ... -
Differential profile of protumor immunological factors between the tumor site and the tumor-free site – predictive potential of IL-8 and COX2 for colorectal cancer and metastasis
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2023-04-05)To study the role of host immune surveillance in the initiation and progression of colorectal cancer (CRC), a set of protumor immunological factors was determined by quantitative real-time PCR (q-PCR) between the primary tumor and the adjacent tumor-free site tissues in 63 patients with colorectal neoplasms. Results showed that expression levels of interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, IL-8, IL-17A, IL-23, and ... -
Disclosing quantitative RT-PCR raw data during manuscript submission: a call for action
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2023-03-14)Accuracy and transparency of scientific data are becoming more and more relevant with the increasing concern regarding the evaluation of data reproducibility in many research areas. This concern is also true for quantifying coding and noncoding RNAs, with the remarkable increase in publications reporting RNA profiling and sequencing studies. To address the problem, we propose the following ... -
Challenges in using patient involvement principles in substance use treatment
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2023-06-13)Background - Health professionals are responsible for implementing patient involvement (PI) in the choice of treatment approach. Previous studies within the field of substance use disorder (SUD) treatment have shown positive patient experiences with PI. However, little is known about challenges experienced by health professionals in converting principles of PI into clinical practice.<p> <p>Aims ... -
Guidance on C-reactive protein point-of-care testing and complementary strategies to improve antibiotic prescribing for adults with lower respiratory tract infections in primary care
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2023-05-30)The world faces the threat of increasing antimicrobial resistance, and there is growing consensus that swift action must be taken to improve the rational use of antibiotics and increase the stewardship of antibiotics to safeguard this key resource in modern healthcare. This paper provides the perspective of an international group of experts on the role of C-reactive protein point-of-care testing ... -
Conducting Fieldwork with San and Hadza (Post-)Hunter-Gatherer Communities in Africa: Regulatory and Ethical Issues
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2023-02-28)In this paper, we address some of the challenges and opportunities of conducting international research in psychology. We examine issues that arise from working in contexts that differ substantially from those in which most psychological research is still conducted. We take our experiences with Tanzanian and Namibian (post-)hunter-gatherers as a starting point for discussing regulatory and ethical ... -
Hands-free continuous carotid Doppler ultrasound for detection of the pulse during cardiac arrest in a porcine model
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2023-06-20)Background/Purpose - Pulse palpation is an unreliable method for diagnosing cardiac arrest. To address this limitation, continuous hemodynamic monitoring may be a viable solution. Therefore, we developed a novel, hands-free Doppler system, RescueDoppler, to detect the pulse continuously in the carotid artery.<p> <p>Methods - In twelve pigs, we evaluated RescueDoppleŕs potential to measure blood ... -
Reversible vancomycin susceptibility within emerging ST1421 Enterococcus faecium strains is associated with rearranged vanA-gene clusters and increased vanA plasmid copy number
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2023-05-13)Vancomycin variable enterococci (VVE) are van-positive enterococci with a vancomycin-susceptible phenotype (VVE-S) that can convert to a resistant phenotype (VVE-R) and be selected for during vancomycin exposure. VVE-R outbreaks have been reported in Canada and Scandinavian countries. The aim of this study was to examine the presence of VVE in whole genome sequenced (WGS) Australian bacteremia ... -
Mammographic density and interval cancers in mammographic screening: Moving towards more personalized screening
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2023-03-21)Purpose: The European Society on Breast Imaging has recommended supplemental magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) every two to four years for women with mammographically dense breasts. This may not be feasible in many screening programs. Also, the European Commission Initiative on Breast Cancer suggests not implementing screening with MRI. By analyzing interval cancers and time from screening to ... -
Functional Analyses of Rare Germline Missense BRCA1 Variants Located within and outside Protein Domains with Known Functions
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2023-01-19): The BRCA1 protein is implicated in numerous important cellular processes to prevent genomic instability and tumorigenesis, and pathogenic germline variants predispose carriers to hereditary breast and ovarian cancer (HBOC). Most functional studies of missense variants in BRCA1 focus on variants located within the Really Interesting New Gene (RING), coiled-coil and BRCA1 C-terminal (BRCT) ... -
Elevated plasma complement factor H related 5 protein is associated with venous thromboembolism
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2023-06-07)Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is a common, multi-causal disease with potentially serious short- and long-term complications. In clinical practice, there is a need for improved plasma biomarker-based tools for VTE diagnosis and risk prediction. Here we show, using proteomics profiling to screen plasma from patients with suspected acute VTE, and several case-control studies for VTE, how Complement ... -
Reproductive and hormonal factors and risk of renal cell carcinoma among women in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2023-06-03)Background - Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is twice as common among men compared with women, and hormonal factors have been suggested to partially explain this difference. There is currently little evidence on the roles of reproductive and hormonal risk factors in RCC aetiology.<p> <p>Materials & Methods - We investigated associations of age at menarche and age at menopause, pregnancy-related factors, ... -
Creatine kinase is associated with glycated haemoglobin in a nondiabetic population. The Tromsø study
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2023-02-02)Background<p> <p>Creatine kinase (CK) has been associated with insulin resistance and identified as a risk marker of cardiovascular disease largely by its relationship with hypertension and increased body mass index. This study determined whether CK is a predictor of glycated haemoglobin (HbA1C) in a nondiabetic general population. <p>Methods <p>Associations between CK and the outcome variable ... -
Effectiveness and acceptability of the physical exercise and dietary therapy in a healthy life center
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2023-07-17)Objective - The high burden of eating disorders (EDs) and limited availability of treatment speaks of a need to explore new avenues for treatment delivery. To understand if new treatment avenues are helpful and acceptable to patients, we investigated the effectiveness of Physical Exercise and Dietary Therapy (PED-t) in participants with bulimia nervosa or binge-eating disorder, and acceptability ... -
Antimicrobial susceptibility testing of Bacteroides species by disk diffusion: The NordicAST Bacteroides study
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2023-05-28)Objectives - Antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST) of anaerobic bacteria has until recently been done by MIC methods. We have carried out a multi-centre evaluation of the newly validated EUCAST disk diffusion method for AST of Bacteroides spp.<p> <p>Methods - A panel of 30 Bacteroides strains was assembled based on reference agar dilution MICs, resistance gene detection and quantification ... -
Dietary vitamin D intake and the bladder cancer risk: A pooled analysis of prospective cohort studies
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2023-05-22)Background & aims - Diet may play an essential role in the aetiology of bladder cancer (BC). Vitamin D is involved in various biological functions which have the potential to prevent BC development. Besides, vitamin D also influences the uptake of calcium and phosphorus, thereby possibly indirectly influencing the risk of BC. The aim of the present study was to investigate the relation between vitamin ... -
"En stein i lomma kan bidra til trøst: En kvalitativ studie av helsesykepleiers bruk av gjenstander i helsedialoger i skolehelsetjenesten»
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2023-01-29)Helsesykepleieres mandat er å arbeide helsefremmende og forebyggende basert på retningslinjer for skolehelsetjenesten. Retningslinjene viser at helsedialoger i skolehelsetjenesten kan bidra til sunne helsevalg hos skoleelever. De fleste norske tenåringer rapporterer om god fysisk og psykisk helse. Likevel kan utfordringer tilknyttet ungdomsalderen, være starten på psykiske helseplager inn i voksenlivet. ... -
Digital ethical reflection in long-term care: Leaders’ expectations
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2023-08-04)Background - Healthcare leader support and facilitation for ethics work are of great importance for healthcare professionals’ handling of ethical issues, moral distress, and quality care provision. A digital tool for ethical reflection in long-term care was developed in response to the demand for appropriate tools.<p> <p>Research aim - This study aimed to explore healthcare leaders’ expectations ... -
Personalized radiotherapy of brain metastases: survival prediction by means of dichotomized or differentiated blood test results?
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2023-04-11)Background and objectives: The validated LabBM score (laboratory parameters in patients with brain metastases) represents a widely applicable survival prediction model, which incorporates 5 blood test results (serum lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), C-reactive protein (CRP), albumin, platelets and hemoglobin). All tests are classified as normal or abnormal, without accounting for the wide range of ...