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norskDet helsevitenskapelige fakultet: Recent submissions
Now showing items 1461-1480 of 10407
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Prevalence of unruptured intracranial aneurysms: impact of different definitions-the Tromsø Study
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2022-06-10)Background - Management of incidental unruptured intracranial aneurysms (UIAs) remains challenging and depends on their risk of rupture, estimated from the assumed prevalence of aneurysms and the incidence of aneurysmal subarachnoid haemorrhage. Reported prevalence varies, and consistent criteria for definition of UIAs are lacking. We aimed to study the prevalence of UIAs in a general population ... -
Blood cell DNA methylation biomarkers in preclinical malignant pleural mesothelioma: The EPIC prospective cohort
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2022-10-28)Malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) is a rare and aggressive cancer mainly caused by asbestos exposure. Specific and sensitive noninvasive biomarkers may facilitate and enhance screening programs for the early detection of cancer. We investigated DNA methylation (DNAm) profiles in MPM prediagnostic blood samples in a case-control study nested in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer ... -
Jordmødres opplevelse av fødselsangst i fødsel.
(Mastergradsoppgave; Master thesis, 2022-03-16)Sammendrag Hensikt: Å få en bedre forståelse og fordypet kunnskap om hvordan jordmødre opplever å møte og støtte kvinner med fødselsangst i fødsel, og sette søkelys på et viktig tema innen jordmoryrket. Metode: Kvalitativ metode med fenomenologisk tilnærming. Det ble gjennomført 10 semistrukturerte individuelle intervju med jordmødre som arbeidet på lokalsykehus og kvinneklinikk. Datamateriale ... -
Prevensjonsveiledning og unge kvinners valg av prevensjonsmiddel - en kvalitativ studie
(Mastergradsoppgave; Master thesis, 2022-03-16)Hensikt: Hensikten med studien var å få en fordypet kunnskap om hvilke erfaringer unge kvinner har med å motta prevensjonsveiledning hos helsepersonell, og hvilke faktorer som påvirker deres valg av prevensjonsmiddel. Metode: Studien har et kvalitativt design. Det ble utført ti semistrukturerte individuelle intervjuer. Informantene var unge kvinner i aldersgruppen 18-25 år, som brukte prevensjon ... -
Methods for Heart Rate Variability Biofeedback (HRVB): A Systematic Review and Guidelines
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2023-03-14)Heart Rate Variability Biofeedback (HRVB) has been widely used to improve cardiovascular health and well-being. HRVB is based on breathing at an individual’s resonance frequency, which stimulates respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA) and the baroreflex. There is, however, no methodological consensus on how to apply HRVB, while details about the protocol used are often not well reported. Thus, the ... -
Membrane Atg8ylation, stress granule formation, and MTOR regulation during lysosomal damage
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2022-11-29)The functions of mammalian Atg8 proteins (mATG8s) expand beyond canonical autophagy and include processes collectively referred to as Atg8ylation. Global modulation of protein synthesis under stress conditions is governed by MTOR and liquid-liquid phase separated condensates containing ribonucleoprotein particles known as stress granules (SGs). We report that lysosomal damage induces SGs acting as ... -
Stress granules and mTOR are regulated by membrane atg8ylation during lysosomal damage
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2022)We report that lysosomal damage is a hitherto unknown inducer of stress granule (SG) formation and that the process termed membrane atg8ylation coordinates SG formation with mTOR inactivation during lysosomal stress. SGs were induced by lysosomedamaging agents including SARS-CoV-2ORF3a, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, and proteopathic tau. During damage, mammalian ATG8s directly interacted with the ... -
Comparison of the Influence of Internalized Homonegativity on Sexual Risk Behavior of Men Who Have Sex with Men in Spain and Turkey
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2022-07-11)Objectives: This study aimed to understand how the association between internalized homonegativity (IH) and sexual risk behavior differed in Spain (N = 3,336) and Turkey (N = 550). Methods: We used multigroup structural equation modeling. Results: HIV and pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) knowledge mediated the relationship between IH and sexual risk behavior among MSM in Spain, but not among men in ... -
Gendered self-views across 62 countries: A test of competing models
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2022-11-07)Social role theory posits that binary gender gaps in agency and communion should be larger in less egalitarian countries, reflecting these countries’ more pronounced sex-based power divisions. Conversely, evolutionary and self-construal theorists suggest that gender gaps in agency and communion should be larger in more egalitarian countries, reflecting the greater autonomy support and flexible ... -
Intensive tiltak for å redusere skolefravær: systematisk litteratursøk med sortering
(Research report; Forskningsrapport, 2022-10)Høyt fravær fra skolen er en stor utfordring. Eleven går glipp av mye opplæring, og det kan føre til at eleven ikke får standpunktkarakter. Høyt fravær en også en risikofaktor for frafall på videregående skole. I Norge faller en av fire elever fra videregående opplæring. Ulike tiltak vil kunne hjelpe eleven møte på skolen og fullføre opplæringen.<p> <p>Vi undersøkte hvilke sekundær- og ... -
Transiently silent acquired antimicrobial resistance: an emerging challenge in susceptibility testing
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2023-01-31)Acquisition and expression of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) mechanisms in bacteria are often associated with a fitness cost. Thus, evolutionary adaptation and fitness cost compensation may support the advance of subpopulations with a silent resistance phenotype when the antibiotic selection pressure is absent. However, reports are emerging on the transient nature of silent acquired AMR, describing ... -
Job Satisfaction among Occupational Therapists Employed in Primary Care Services in Norway
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2023-03-13)The aging population will place healthcare services under considerable strain in the years ahead. Occupational therapists play a vital role in securing sustainable healthcare services and are increasingly employed by municipalities. To promote sustainable services, the job satisfaction among core professional groups needs monitoring. A comprehensive cross-sectional survey was distributed among ... -
Insight into the mechanism behind oral bioavailability-enhancement by nanosuspensions through combined dissolution/permeation studies
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2023-03-02)As numerous new drug candidates are poorly water soluble, enabling formulations are needed to increase their bioavailability for oral administration. Nanoparticles are a conceptually simple, yet resource consuming strategy for increasing drug dissolution rate, as predicting in vivo oral absorption using in vitro dissolution remains difficult. The objective of this study was to obtain insight into ... -
Integration of e-learning approaches in a post-pandemic learning environment–Norwegian nursing students' recommendations from an action research study
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2023-01-31)The covid-19 pandemic has profoundly led to changes in use of digital platforms, online teaching, and e-learning strategies. The aim of the present study was to examine how future pedagogical approaches can promote constructive learning environments and facilitate nursing students learning processes in future post-pandemic scenarios based on an action research study, which were conducted through ... -
Physiological Impact of Hypothermia: The Good, the Bad, and the Ugly
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2022-02-22)Hypothermia is defined as a core body temperature of <35°C, and as body temperature is reduced the impact on physiological processes can be beneficial or detrimental. The beneficial effect of hypothermia enables circulation of cooled experimental animals to be interrupted for 1–2 h without creating harmful effects, while tolerance of circulation arrest in normothermia is between 4 and 5 min. This ... -
Perceived autonomy support in telerehabilitation by people with chronic respiratory disease: a mixed methods study
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2022-12-24)Background - Autonomy-supportive health environments can assist patients in achieving behavior change and can influence adherence positively. Telerehabilitation may increase access to rehabilitation services, but creating an autonomy-supportive environment may be challenging.<p> <p>Research Question - To what degree does telerehabilitation provide an autonomy-supportive environment? What is the ... -
European Society for Radiotherapy and Oncology and European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer consensus on re-irradiation: definition, reporting, and clinical decision making
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2022-09-26)Re-irradiation can be considered for local recurrence or new tumours adjacent to a previously irradiated site to achieve durable local control for patients with cancer who have otherwise few therapeutic options. With the use of new radiotherapy techniques, which allow for conformal treatment plans, image guidance, and short fractionation schemes, the use of re-irradiation for different sites is ... -
Independent Validation of a Risk Stratification Model Predicting Survival in Patients With Metastatic Hormone-sensitive Prostate Cancer
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2022-07-05)Background/Aim: The aim of this study was to analyze the survival predictions obtained from an online nomogram, originally developed in two US patient cohorts with metastatic hormone-sensitive prostate cancer, because clinical practice and survival outcomes may vary on an international level. Patients and Methods: A retrospective single-institution study of 197 patients, managed according to Norwegian ... -
Independent External Validation of the METSSS Model Predicting Survival after Palliative Radiotherapy
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2022-02-26)Background/Aim: A validation of the recently published METSSS model (developed from a large US database) predicting survival after palliative radiotherapy was performed. METSSS includes age, sex, cancer type, localization of distant metastases, comorbidity, and radiotherapy site. Patients and Methods: Both 1- and 5-year survival was assessed in the validation cohort. Deviations between model-predicted ... -
Standardised or individualised X-ray tube angle for mediolateral oblique projection in digital mammography?
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2022-04-03)Introduction - We aimed to investigate whether there were any differences in positioning criteria related to the presentation of the pectoralis major muscle (pectoral muscle) for women of different heights using a standardized 60° X-ray tube angle for mammograms in mediolateral oblique (MLO) projection.<p> <p>Methods - Data from MLO mammograms of right breasts of 45,193 women screened in BreastScreen ...
