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Changes in smoking behavior during pregnancy: prevalence and effect on selected adverse pregnancy and birth outcomes. The Murmansk County Birth Registry study
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2018-04-06)Aims:<br> The specific objectives of this thesis were to i) determine the prevalence of smoking before and during pregnancy and to assess socio-demographic factors associated with discontinuing smoking or smoking reduction once pregnant; ii) investigate the effect of first-trimester smoking cessation while pregnant on Preeclampsia/eclampsia; and iii) explore the effect of changes in smoking behavior ... -
Childhood abuse : pregnancy and childbirth
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2011-03-18)Background: Childhood abuse affects adult physical and psychological health. There is limited research on the effect of childhood abuse on pregnancy and childbirth. Studies usually focus on a single type of abuse, commonly sexual and/or physical abuse, few have considered emotional abuse. The results of studies on childhood abuse and mode of delivery are inconsistent. This might be due to methodological ... -
The Clinician in Leadership. Perceptions of Style. Perspectives from Rural Primary Medicine in Norway.
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2014-08-22) -
Coffee and cancer
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2018-10-12)<p>You cannot imagine powering through the day without your favorite beverage being on your desk all the time. Have you ever wondered what the consequences might be? </p> <p>It seems that even before you have opened your eyes, there’s already a kettle on the stove or the coffee machine is purring. On the way to work, you have another cup to go from the nearby coffee chop. Long meetings demand ... -
Cognitive function and mild cognitive impairment in a general population: roles of cardiovascular and genetic risk factors and magnetic resonance volumetry. The Tromsø Study
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2018-12-14)Alzheimers sykdom er den vanligste årsaken til demens, dernest karsykdom som forårsaker vaskulær demens. De fleste som får Alzheimers demens etter 65 års alder (late onset Alzheimer’s Disease, LOAD), har ikke sykdommen i familien fra tidligere. Men opptil 25 % av dem som får LOAD, har biologiske slektninger med LOAD. Personer i familier med opphopning av LOAD, har økt risiko for å få LOAD. Det er ... -
A community-based factorial trial on Alzheimer's disease. Effects of expectancy, recruitment methods, co-morbidity and drug use : The Dementia Study in Northern Norway.
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2011-10-21)Ni kommuner deltok i studien. I fem av kommunene fikk deltakerne med Alzheimers sykdom (AS) systematisk stimulering (n=103), i de resterende fire vanlig pleie og omsorg (n=84). Alle inkluderte ble randomisert dobbelt blindt til donepezil eller placebo, og fulgt med tre kognitive tester (MMSE, Klokketest og ADAS-Cog) hver fjerde måned i ett år. To testteknikere testet deltakerne på deres hjemsteder. ... -
Comparisons of sickness absence patterns, trends and attitudes in the health and care sectors in two municipalities in Norway and Denmark.
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2016-02-11)Sickness absence is of great concern in most Western societies and has huge economic and social consequences. The Scandinavian countries, especially Norway, have high sickness absence rates. In both Norway and Denmark, the highest sickness absence rates are found in the health and care sector. The aims of this doctoral thesis are to compare the sickness absence patterns of municipal employees in the ... -
Concentrations and predictors of persistent organic pollutants in pregnant women and associations with maternal and infant thyroid homeostasis. The Northern Norway Mother-and-Child Contaminant Cohort Study
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2015-12-10)During the 20th century, humans have been exposed to an increasing number of persistent organic pollutants (POPs). However, due to restrictions on use and the banning of several POPs, environmental concentrations of POPs have generally decreased since the 1980s. POPs are transferred to humans primarily through diet and are transferred from the mother to the foetus during pregnancy and to infants ... -
The consumption of lean and fatty fish, different dietary patterns, and the risk of cancers of various sites
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2008-05-24)The present work includes women from three cohorts: the Norwegian Women and Cancer (NOWAC) study, the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) study, and a sub-cohort from the NOWAC study termed the Norwegian EPIC cohort (NEPIC). <br>Despite large differences in nutritional values in lean and fatty fish most studies on fish consumption and cancer do not diverse between ... -
Continuity of care for patients with long-term complex needs - implications for clinical hospital practice.
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2019-05-20)The background for this thesis is lack of knowledge that covers the broader perspective of development, implementation, and evaluation of continuity of care-solutions for persons with diverse and complex needs in hospitals and across health services. The aim was therefore to investigate implications for hospital practices related to realizing continuity of care for patients with long-term complex ... -
COPD in the elderly : diagnostic criteria, symptoms and smoking. Quantitative and qualitative studies of persons over sixty years of age in The Tromsø studies.
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2012-11-09)SUMMARY Smokers benefit from the enjoyment and fellowship smoking brings in the short term, yet may cause diseases and disability later in life. This thesis is about COPD, the spirometry criteria for diagnosis, the predictive value of respiratory symptoms, and smoking and its cessation. Paper 1 and 2 are quantitative, epidemiological studies, which were based on a cross sectional population ... -
Cortical porosity, medullary adiposity, type 2 diabetes mellitus, serum vitamin D, parathyroid hormone, and nonvertebral fractures
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2018-03-28)Despite advances in therapies, assessment of fracture risk, and diagnosis of bone fragility, few women and men with high fracture risk receive treatment, even after they develop fracture. To be able to recognize and identify subjects who are at risk for fragility fracture, and to target treatment well, it is important to search for risk factors that are associated with, or ideally, predict fracture. ... -
Cultural adaption of mental health services to the Sami. A qualitative study on the incorporation of Sami language and culture into mental health services
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2019-10-18)<p>The Sami people in Norway have a statutory right to receive equitable health services, adapted in accordance with Sami language and culture. However, limited research is available regarding the impact and of Sami culture and language within mental health services. <p><i>Aim - </i>The overall aim of the study was to explore, identify and describe the significance of culture and language in mental ... -
Decline in resting heart rate, its association with other variables, and its role in cardiovascular disease The Tromsø Study
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2017-02-10)Background: Resting heart rate (RHR) is an easily measured cardiovascular parameter that is considered an independent predictor of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and mortality in the general population. However, results on the association between RHR and these outcomes are inconsistent, and studies on longitudinal trends in RHR and the role of long-term changes in RHR in CVD and mortality are scarce. ... -
Det skapende mellomrommet i møtet mellom pasient og lege
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2004) -
The development and use of a new tool for estimating individual sun induced vitamin D in epidemiological surveys
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2010-11-19) -
Diagnosis of cancer in general practice : a study of delay problems and warning signals of cancer, with implications for public cancer information and for cancerdiagnostic strategies in general practice
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 1991-01-26)Early diagnosis of cancer is beneficial to most cancer patients. This doctoral thesis is based on studies in general practice in Tromsø, Norway, during the years 1978-1985. General practitioners have a very important role in the work excluding or leading up to a cancer diagnosis. The studies deal with diagnostic delay, the value of symptoms, and with strategies for GP s to improve their cancer ... -
Diagnosis of pneumonia in adults in general practice.
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 1992) -
Diagnostic tests for lung and heart diseases in primary care - from quality assurance to epidemiology
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2018-11-02)The use of pulse oximetry and spirometry tests in general practice is increasing. Pulse oximetry is a non-invasive method for measuring oxygen saturation (SpO2). The pulse oximeter is a helpful tool in primary care because it is tolerable for the patient, easy to use and acceptable within the time constraints of a busy practice. Spirometry is used in both diagnosis and monitoring of respiratory ... -
Dialog og refleksjon. Festskrift til Tom Andersens 60 års dag
(Research report; Forskningsrapport, 1996)