Browsing ISM skriftserie by Title
Now showing items 42-61 of 161
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Echocardiographic screening in a general population : normal distribution of echocardiographic measurements and their relation to cardiovascular risk factors and disease : The Tromsø Study
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2000) -
Embodied uncertainty - Exploring sensorial and existential dimensions of everyday life after cancer
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2017-11-14)In Norway, as in other countries in the northern hemisphere, an increasing number of people survive after cancer diagnosis and treatment. Earlier studies have shown that life after cancer can be challenging in different ways, which makes it important to gain knowledge about this group to be able to meet their needs in the future. The main objective of this project was to understand the illness ... -
Environmental and occupational exposure, life-style factors and pregnancy outcome in arctic and subarctic populations of Norway and Russia
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2000)The study was initiated because of the public fear of adverse reproductive health and pregnancy outcomes in the Russian-Norwegian border zone in the vicinity of the nickel producing industry in the Kola Peninsula. The original objective was to assess health conditions of delivering women and their outcomes in the general population in the Russian- Norwegian arctic area, including assessment of ... -
Environmental factors, metabolic profile, hormones and breast and endometrial cancer risk
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2004)Breast cancer is the leading cancer among women in the Western world. In Norway, 2,503 cases of female breast cancer were diagnosed in 2000, which corresponds to an age-adjusted incidence rate of 72.1 per 100,000 women per year (1). The risk of breast cancer increases with age from puberty, doubling about every 10 years until the menopause, when the rate of increase slows dramatically and a ... -
Epidemiology and new opportunities of investigating risk factors for congenital malformations in Northwest Russia: a registry-based linkage study
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2018-11-12)<p>Birth defects constitute an important public health issue as they are the main causes of perinatal and infant mortality. To address incomplete data coverage in Russia, the studies described in this thesis all have a registry-based study design, and were based on the linkage of the Murmansk County Birth Registry (MCBR) and the Murmansk Regional Congenital Defects Registry (MRCDR) to investigate ... -
Epidemiology of cervical cancer and high risk of HPV infection with a focus on Arkhangelsk City and County, Northwest Russia
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2019-01-25)Human papillomavirus (HPV) is one of the most common sexually transmitted infections worldwide. It is also known as important risk factor for cervical cancer. Generally speaking, finding any cancer at an early stage is often believed to be the most important factor for longer survival. However, age at diagnosis, residence (i.e., accessibility to health care) and cell type of the tumor (less or ... -
Ethnic discrimination and bullying in relation to self-reported physical and mental health in Sami settlement areas in Norway : The SAMINOR study
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2011-03-25)Vitenskapelig kunnskap om de norske samenes helse og levekår har økt de siste årene, spesielt etter at Senter for samisk helseforskning ble etablert i 2001. Forut for oppstarten av virksomheten ved senteret ligger ulike offentlige dokumenter til grunn. Fra 1995 foreligger NOU 1995:6 Plan for helse- og sosialtjenester for den samiske befolkningen i Norge. Dette dokumentet er det første offentlige ... -
Experiences with outpatient commitment orders from the perspectives of patients, relatives and staff - A qualitative study
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2016-10-27)Compulsory outpatient psychiatric care or outpatient commitment (OC) is intended to ensure treatment of people with severe psychotic disorders after discharge from inpatient care. Although OC has long been used in Norway, there is little research-based knowledge of the extent and content of the scheme and a particular lack of knowledge of the experiences of those involved. The studies are based on ... -
Explaining risk reductions in medical practice : prevention or postponement?
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2008)Diagnosis, treatment and follow up of risk conditions such as hypercholesterolemia and osteoporosis are prominent tasks of contemporary medical practice. The aim is to prevent, or at least postpone the onset of adverse health outcomes such as angina pectoris, heart attacks, strokes and fractures. Dealing with risks involves decision making under uncertainty. For patients to be able to engage ... -
Factors affecting doctors' decision making
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 1996) -
Factors affecting self-evaluated general health status and the use of professional health care services
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 1991)The idea of health has been given different meanings throughout history. The “Pippin perspective” introduced here contrasts the seemingly prevailing cultural climate of fascination and concern with personal health, uneasiness and “elevating health to a super value, a metaphor for all that is good in life” (1). What Pippin might help to illustrate is the reported historical trend toward a ... -
Factors behind high cardiovascular disease mortality in Northwest Russia. The Arkhangelsk study.
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2011-06-10)Background Cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality in Russia is among the highest in the world. CVD mortality rate among Russian middle-aged (30-59) men and women is more than ten times higher than in Norway. Comparative studies however show that abnormally high levels of the conventional (atherosclerotic) cardiovascular risk factors such as serum cholesterol, obesity, diabetes and hypertension are ... -
Fractional exhaled nitric oxide and its relation to exercise, asthma and allergic rhinoconjunctivitis in a subarctic childhood population. A study of asthma and allergy among schoolchildren in Nordland County.
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2014-11-07)Astma og allergisk øye- og nesekatarr (rhinokonjunktivitt, AR) er de vanligste kroniske sykdommene blant barn i den vestlige verden. I de siste tiårene har prevalensen (forekomsten) av sykdommene økt betydelig, men i enkelte Europeiske land rapporteres det om en utflating i prevalensen av astma. I klinisk praksis brukes laboratorietester til å understøtte diagnosene astma og AR. Analyser av biologiske ... -
Fragile bones in patients with stroke? : bone mineral density in acute stroke patients and changes during one year of follow up
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2001)This thesis highlights several clinically important questions related to bone loss the first year following stroke and with regard to bone mass at stroke onset:<br> Lack of mobility and weight bearing early after stroke is an important factor for the greater bone loss in the proximal femur on the paretic side. Relearning to walk within the first two month after stroke, even with support of another ... -
Functional ultrasound of the anal canal. The effect of pregnancy and childbirth
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2011-06-22)This thesis is concerned with functional three-dimensional ultrasound of the anal canal. Comparing acquisitions assessed with endoanal- and transvaginal transducers, the transvaginal transducer turned out to be as good as the endovaginal transducer. In addition, the curvatures, position and dimensions of the undisturbed anatomical structures in the anal canal, including the anal mucosa, could be ... -
General practitioner hospitals : use and usefulness : a study from Finnmark County in North Norway.
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 1998) -
General Practitioners’ Decisions to Refer Patients to Secondary Care – Referral Rates, Reasons for Referral and Expected Medical Benefit of the Referrals
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2015-04-09)Summary Background The referral rates of general practitioners (GPs) are an important determinant of secondary care utilisation. The considerable variation in these rates between GPs cannot be explained by patient morbidity alone. Other factors, like health care organisation, GP characteristics and patient preference play an important role, but the extent of their mutual contributions is not ... -
Haemoglobin, anaemia and haematological malignancies : the Tromsø study 1974-1995
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2006)Haemoglobin measurement is one of the most frequently performed laboratory tests. The haemoglobin level has well known variability according to age and gender [1- 3]. However, the reference values are often from elderly cross sectional studies of younger subjects, and may not reflect the populations’ actual distribution today. Several lifestyle factors, including body mass index (BMI) and ... -
The Harstad injury prevention study : hospital-based injury recording and community-based intervention
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 1995)Accidental injury is the leading cause of death in Norway under the age of 50. A 19 % reduction of age standardized accident mortality was observed from 1956 to 1983. In spite of this, next to Finland, Norway has the highest accident mortality rate among the Nordic countries (1) . To reduce accidental injury it is important to gain knowledge about all injuries, not only the fatal ones. The ...